走出归化与异化的窘境

论文摘要

异化与归化作为“直译”与“意译”之争的延续，可以说是由来已久。直译与意译只是语言层面的讨论，而异化与归化则将其升格为文化，诗学，和政治层面的讨论。本文将根据功能类型学的标记理论的框架，阐明翻译范畴中的异化与归化的关系不是二元对立的，而是呈现为一个中间模糊，两端清晰的连续体，而且在一定条件下“模糊”和“清晰”可以相互转化。标记理论是由布拉格学派的两位大师特鲁别茨柯伊和雅柯布森创立的。而我国著名语言学家沈家煊把语言中的标记现象解释为：一个范畴内部存在的某种不对称的现象。本文则试图从新的角度，重新阐释异化与归化的关系，从而为解决二者之间旷日持久的矛盾提供新的方法和视角。

论文目录

• ABSTRACT
• 摘要
• Chapter 1 Markedness Theory in Typology
• 1.1 Introduction
• 1.2 Definition of Markedness
• 1.3 The Criterion of Markedness
• 1.3.1 Structural Criterion
• 1.3.2 Frequency
• 1.3.3 Cognition
• 1.3.4 Optimality
• 1.3.5 Distribution
• 1.3.6 Indeterminateness
• 1.3.7 Simplicity
• 1.4 Grammatical Hierarchies
• Chapter 2 Domestication/Unmarked Translation and Foreignization/Marked Translation
• 2.1 Three Large-Scaled Controversies in Chinese History
• 2.2 "Word-For-Word" and "Sense-For-Sense"
• 2.3 Nida and His "Functional Equivalence"
• 2.3.1 The Adequacy of a Translation
• 2.3.2 The Principles for Producing Functional Equivalence
• 2.3.3 Interpretation of Nida's "Functional Equivalence"
• 2.4 Venuti's Perspective on Translation and His Self-Deconstruction
• 2.4.1 Invisibility
• 2.4.2 Foreignizing or Minorizing Method of Translation
• 2.4.3 Venuti's Self-Deconstruction
• Chapter 3 Marked and Unmarked Translation
• 3.1 Domestication Translation Is Unmarked
• 3.2 Foreignization Translation Is Marked
• 3.3 The Scalar Relationship Between Marked and Unmarked Translation
• 3.4 The Conversion Between Marked and Unmarked Translation
• 3.4.1 Translator
• 3.4.2 Text
• 3.4.3 Time
• 3.4.4 Readers
• 3.4.5 Cultural Distance
• 3.4.6 Discourse Power
• Chapter 4 Conclusion
• Bibliography