翻译中文化转向的例证分析

翻译中文化转向的例证分析

论文摘要

在全球文化语境下,翻译无疑是一种跨语言交流。在这个过程中,我们一定要把握“民族”与“世界”之间的关系。因为翻译是一种复杂的文化行为,所以我们在研究时亦应从文化上进行重新调整,在这种意义下,翻译就意味着要冲破和克服文化偏见,并给先前的想象和译人语读者的期待造成一种冲击,与此同时也就增添了译人语系统在文体修辞和文化诸方面的生机。 翻译和文化是息息相关,紧密联系的。近年来许多学者都开始从宏观的文化角度来研究翻译。例如:哈蒂姆和梅森在其著作Discourse and Translator中将翻译界定为“一定社会语境下发生的交际过程”(Hatim & Mason,1990:3)因而要求译者“不仅具有双语能力,而且要具有双文化视角”(Hatim & Mason,1990:223)美国翻译家奈达认为“对于真正成功的翻译来说,双文化能力甚至要比双语能力更为重要”。(Nida,1993:110)在现代翻译研究中最大的突破就在于把翻译放到一个宏大的文化语境中去仔细研究。译者已经开始关注除翻译本身以外的其他学科的因素,开始注重在跨文化交际中存在于文本中的一系列文化问题。“翻译不再被看作是一个简单的两种语言之间的转化行为,而是译人语社会的一种独特的政治行为,文化行为,文学行为。”(谢天振,2000:27-30) 由于有文化信息后意识形态的存在,我们在翻译中面临被“文化殖民”的危险。面对这种跨文化交际中不平等的起点和现状,我们应通过大量的交流来加强相互理解,以逐步向平等的目标过渡,而不是期待强势文化能主动与弱势文化平等对话。我们应“以积极的态势向世界传播我们的文化”(孙艺风,2004:10)倡导双向的交流,即从源语文本到目标语文化系统的交流和从目标语系统再回到源语文化的交流。这种辩证唯物主义观点可以帮助我们认识翻译的本质和建构适当的翻译理论体系。同时,这种辩证的文化视角,使我们对原先的模糊理解有了一个清晰的认识,并且成为构建翻译理论的基础。 在认知概念的基础上,我们也很有必要再次对翻译从原理,过程和方法上作一番探

论文目录

  • Abstract
  • 摘要
  • Introduction
  • Chapter Ⅰ Language, Culture and Translation
  • 1.1 Language
  • 1.1.1 The Properties of Language
  • 1.1.2 Functions of Language
  • 1.2 Culture
  • 1.2.1 Definitions of "Culture" and“文化”
  • 1.2.2 Culture in Its Broad Sense
  • 1.2.3 Relationship between Language and Culture
  • 1.2.4 Cultural Diversity and Language Pluralism
  • 1.2.5 Inspirations Achieved from the Relations
  • 1.3 Translation
  • 1.3.1 The Definition about Translation
  • 1.3.2 The Translation Perspectives
  • 1.3.3 The Relation between Translation and Culture
  • 1.3.4 The Cultural Elements Which Affect the Translation
  • 1.3.5 The Thinking Differences and Translation between English and Chinese
  • Chapter Ⅱ Translation Principle
  • 2.1 Different Principles Proposed by Translators
  • 2.1.1 "Functional Equivalence" Put Forward by Eugene A. Nida
  • 2.1.2 The Cultural Turn in Translation
  • 2.1.3 The Similarities and Differences of Nida's and Bassnett's Ideas about "Equivalence"
  • 2.1.4 Chinese Translator's Attitude of Service Objectives
  • 2.2 Impossibilities of Complete Equivalence
  • 2.2.1 Cultural Models
  • 2.2.2 Understanding from the Cognitive Linguistics
  • 2.3 Translatability & Untranslatability
  • 2.3.1 Linguistic Untranslatability
  • 2.3.2 Cultural Untranslatability
  • 2.3.3 Representational System
  • 2.4 Translation Principles Proposed in the Perspective of Cultural Communication
  • 2.4.1 Transferring the Information Degree of Culture
  • 2.4.2 Transferring the Effective Degree of Cultural Information
  • Chapter Ⅲ Translation Process
  • 3.1 Translation and Code
  • 3.1.1 Signifier & Signified
  • 3.1.2 The Notion of Codes
  • 3.1.3 Translation as a Decoding Behavior
  • 3.2 The Cognitive Process
  • 3.3 The Translation Process as the Cognitive Process
  • 3.4 Analysis of Translation Process
  • 3.4.1 the Encoding of the Writer in the Source Language Category
  • 3.4.2 Information Shown from Signifier to Signified in Translators' Mental Space
  • Chapter Ⅳ Translation Approaches
  • 4.1 Cultural Discrepancies in Language
  • 4.2 Two Approaches to Translation of Cultural Discrepancies
  • 4.2.1 Venuti's Theory of Domestication & Foreignization
  • 4.2.2 Domestication or Foreignization?
  • 4.3 The Text Function
  • 4.3.1 Informative Text and Its Translation Approach
  • 4.3.2 Expressive Text and Its Translation Approach
  • 4.3.3 Vocative Text and Its Translation Approach
  • 4.4 The Translator's Purpose and Capability
  • 4.5 The Target Text Reader's Acceptability
  • 4.5.1 Target Text Reader
  • 4.5.2 Cultural-based Reader Group's Acceptability
  • Conclusion
  • Works Cited
  • Acknowledgements
  • Paper Published during the Academic Years of Post-graduate Study
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    翻译中文化转向的例证分析
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