功能翻译理论视角的中文旅游资料英译

论文摘要

本论文从德国功能翻译理论视角对中文旅游资料的英译进行了探讨。众所周知,随着中国旅游业的飞速发展,其宣传已远远置后,特别是在海外市场的宣传方面。通过分析,笔者认为中文旅游资料英译中的常见问题可分为两大类:语言错误及文化误解。这一现象阻碍了中国成为世界旅游业发展的领先国家,也进一步突出了中文旅游资料英译的紧迫性,必要性与重要性。因此,要求译者不仅掌握语言知识,还应具有跨文化意识。根据功能翻译理论,本文对中英旅游资料进行比较与分析,介绍了中英旅游资料的各自特点,阐述其差异根源。中英语言与文化的巨大差异是其根本原因。同时,作为特殊文本,信息功能与吸引功能是旅游资料的两大显著功能。因此,即便中英旅游资料存在巨大差异,最终都是为了成功实现其信息功能与吸引功能。功能翻译理论认为翻译是一项由原文,译文,原文作者,译文作者等诸多要素构成的有目的的人类活动。决定翻译过程的最主要因素是整体翻译行为的目的。笔者认为,翻译实践中应充分考虑翻译目的,文本类型,翻译纲要,目的准则等因素。此外,在理论分析部分,本文还对自上而下的翻译过程及翻译问题进行了探讨。本文所讨论的中文旅游资料包括旅游指南,旅游地图,景点介绍,旅游册子,饭店信息,公示语,景点名称等。中文旅游资料英译目的是为了吸引海外游客来华旅游从而传播中国文化,因此其翻译应在传播中国文化和以译语读者为中心的原则指导下进行。为此,笔者提出了相应的翻译策略:音译,意译,音意双译,加注,增意,类比,改写等,应用于景点地名,诗歌楹联等旅游资料翻译。中文旅游资料英译博大精深,研究之路漫漫,本文仅是初步探讨。然而,笔者希望本文能对中文旅游资料英译的规范化带来一些思考,对促进中国旅游业的发展尽一份绵薄之力。

论文目录

• Abstract
• 摘要
• Introduction
• 0.1 Purpose of the present Study
• 0.2 Structure of this Thesis
• Chapter One An Introduction to Tourism in China and Existing Problems in C-E Translation of Tourism
• 1.1 History of Tourism
• 1.2 Existing Problems
• 1.2.1 Linguistic Mistakes
• 1.2.1.1 Spelling Mistakes
• 1.2.1.2 Unjustified Omissions
• 1.2.1.3 Grammatical Mistakes
• 1.2.1.4 Awkward Expressions
• 1.2.1.5 Chinglish
• 1.2.1.6 Poor Word Selection
• 1.2.1.7 Unnecessary Repetition
• 1.2.2 Cultural Mistranslation
• 1.2.2.1 Mistranslation of Proper Names
• 1.2.2.2 Mistranslation of Culture-specific Terms
• 1.3 Summary
• Chapter Two A Contrastive Study of Tourist Materials Between Chinese and English
• 2.1 Functions of Tourist Materials
• 2.1.1 Informativity
• 2.1.2 Appeal
• 2.2 Language Features of Both Chinese and English tourist materials
• 2.2.1 Language Features of Chinese Tourist Materials
• 2.2.1.1 Flowery Style of Writing
• 2.2.1.2 Frequent Employment of Quotations
• 2.2.2 Language Features of English Tourist Materials
• 2.3 Origin of divergent features in Chinese and English Tourist Materials
• 2.3.1 Linguistic Factors
• 2.3.1.1 Difference at Lexical Level
• 2.3.1.2 Difference at Syntactic Level
• 2.3.1.3 Difference at Textual Level
• 2.3.2 Cultural Factors
• 2.3.2.1 Difference in Thinking Mode
• 2.3.2.2 Difference in Aesthetics
• 2.3.2.3 Difference in Ethics
• 2.3.2.4 Difference in Traditions
• 2.4 Summary
• Chapter Three Theoretic Basis and Guide to C-E Tourism Translation
• 3.1 Theoretic Framework—Functionalism
• 3.2 Functionalist Approach to Translation
• 3.2.1.Nida and Dynamic Equivalence
• 3.2.2 Newmark's Text Typology Theory and Communicative vs.Semantic Translation
• 3.2.3 Skopos Theory
• 3.2.3.1 Development of Skopos Theory
• 3.2.3.2 Basic Notions of Skopos Theory
• 3.3 Guide of Skopos Theory to C-E Tourism Translation
• 3.3.1 Text Type of Tourist Material
• 3.3.2 The Importance of C-E Tourism Translation Skopos
• 3.3.3 The Functional Hierarchy of Translation Problems
• 3.4 Summary
• Chapter Four Strategies to C-E Translation of Tourist Materials
• 4.1 Principles of C-E Translation of Tourist Materials
• 4.2 Strategies to C-E Translation of Tourist Materials
• 4.2.1 C-E Translation of Names of Scenic Spots
• 4.2.1.1 Transliteration
• 4.2.1.2 Liberal Translation
• 4.2.1.3.Transliteration plus liberal translation
• 4.2.1.4.Transliteration plus Explanation
• 4.2.1.5 Transliteration plus Addition
• 4.2.2 C-E Translation of Introduction to Tourist Attractions
• 4.2.2.1.Amplification
• 4.2.2.2.Analogy
• 4.2.2.3 Adaptation
• 4.2.3.Translation of Chinese Poetry and Couplets
• 4.2.3.1.Untranslatability of Chinese Poetry and Couplets
• 4.2.3.2.Translatability of Chinese Poetry and Couplets
• 4.2.3.3 Strategies to Translation of Chinese Poetry and Couplets
• 4.3 Summary
• Chapter Five Conclusion
• 5.1 Summary
• 5.2 Limitation of the Present Study and Directions for Future Research
• Work Cited
• Acknowledgements