语言接触理论视阈下汉语新词翻译

论文摘要

相对于语音和语法而言,词汇是语言中最活跃、对社会变化最敏感的部分。社会中无论产生何种新东西,例如新事物、新现象、新体制、新思想等,都能在词汇中得到最直接、最迅捷的反映。近二十年来,随着改革开放的进一步深入,中国的综合国力大大增强,在国际社会上的影响力也在逐步提高,中国社会发生了翻天覆地的变化,与之相对应的,汉语新词产生的速度和数量都令人称奇。世界迫切想要了解中国。中国也迫切想要世界更深入地了解她。将这些汉语新词翻译成准确、地道的英文,以向其他国家人民介绍中国取得的巨大成就,展示新时期中国的崭新面貌,是摆在翻译工作者面前的一项迫切且棘手的任务。我国学术界对汉语新词及其翻译的研究都已经取得了比较大的成就,但长期以来,汉语新词翻译缺少全面系统的理论指导,总体质量不高,严重影响了我国的对外交流和合作。本文对新词的定义,汉语新词的产生方式、分类及特点进行了陈述,介绍了对汉语新词及其翻译的研究所取得的成就,存在的具体问题,误译的原因及表现。为了解决存在的这些问题,本文试着从语言接触(理论)的视角研究汉语新词翻译的理论和实践活动。无论是汉语新词的产生还是汉语新词的翻译都与语言接触有着千丝万缕、密不可分的联系。研究语言接触理论不仅有助于加深对汉语新词的认识而且能指导汉语新词翻译采取灵活的策略和有效的方法。汉语新词翻译对译者提出了很高的要求,译者必须不断提高自身素质来满足这些要求,才能尽可能地避免死译和误译,提高翻译理论水平和实践能力,促进中外交流和合作。

论文目录

• 摘要
• Abstract
• Introduction
• Chapter 1 Specification of Chinese Neologisms
• 1.1 Definition of Neologism
• 1.2 Chinese Neologism Generating
• 1.2.1 Newly-coined Words or Expressions
• 1.2.2 Old Words or Expressions with New Senses
• 1.2.3 Borrowings
• 1.2.4 Other Types of Chinese Neologisms
• 1.3 Classification and Characteristics of Chinese Neologisms
• Chapter 2 Language Contact in Cross-cultural Communication
• 2.1 Language Contact:Approach to Cross-cultural Communication
• 2.2 Effect of Language Contact
• 2.3 Linguistic Borrowing:the Common Effect of Language Contact
• 2.3.1 Definition and Manifestation of Linguistic Borrowing
• 2.3.2 Borrowings:A Basic Component of Chinese Neologisms
• 2.3.2.1 English Loanwords
• 2.3.2.2 Borrowings from Hong Kong,Macao and Taiwan
• 2.3.2.3 Borrowings from Dialects
• 2.4 Translation:the Medium of Different-Language Contact
• Chapter 3 Language Contact:Approach to the Translation of Chinese Neologisms
• 3.1 Language Contact:Cultural Intercourse
• 3.2 Language Contact in the Generating and Translation of Chinese Neologisms
• 3.2.1 Chinese Neologism Generating
• 3.2.2 Translation of Chinese Neologisms
• 3.3 Research on Language Contact in Chinese Neologism Translation
• Chapter 4 Strategies and Methods Applicable to the Translation of Chinese Neologisms
• 4.1 Principles for Chinese Neologism Translation
• 4.2 Strategies Adopted in Chinese Neologism Translation
• 4.3 Methods Applicable to Chinese Neologism Translation
• 4.3.1 Zero Translation
• 4.3.2 Back Translation
• 4.3.3 Equivalents and Approximate-Equivalents
• 4.3.4 Literal Translation
• 4.3.5 Free Translation
• 4.3.6 Analogy
• 4.4 Multi-translation Versions for One Neologism
• 4.5 Requirements for Translators
• Conclusion
• Notes
• Bibliography
• Acknowledgements
• 攻读学位期间主要的研究成果目录