电视方言新闻的语用解读

论文摘要

目前国内电视方言新闻节目如火如荼,人们对此褒贬不一。本文从语用学的角度对这一现象进行了分析研究,回答了如下问题:电视方言新闻节目的语言特征是什么?与传统电视新闻节目相比,方言新闻节目的优势和劣势何在?电视方言新闻节目的语用效果如何?电视方言新闻节目运作的语用机制是什么?节目是如何顺应观众以期达到交际目的?本文研究主要基于定性分析,文中数据基本采自吴方言新闻节目。通过分析数据,我们发现方言新闻节目在遣词造句方面独具匠心、自成一体,语言风格具有非正式性、平易近人的特点。对比普通话新闻节目,其语言风格突出表现在以下几个方面:象声词的高频使用、成语的通俗化、同义重复、当地特有词汇的使用、新闻导语的设问倾向、感叹词及语气词的大幅使用等。目前,从语用学角度对电视新闻节目进行研究可谓独树一帜。基于Verschueren的顺应理论,本文综合语言、社会、文化、心理、认知等因素对电视方言新闻节目进行了综观、动态的研究。研究表明:电视方言新闻节目之所以大受欢迎是因为它顺应了观众的心理、社会和物理世界;而其之所以又广受批评则是因为在语言选择、受众范围、新闻内容等方面不能顺应观众。后者被本文作者称为“顺应失败”,这是从反方向对Verschueren的顺应理论进行充实。对电视方言新闻节目的顺应分析也强调了其语用功能。此类节目的之所以受到欢迎部分原因在于其缩短了主持人与观众的语用距离,增强了交际的有效性,以及传递了社会文化信息和附加涵义。本文运用顺应理论,对方言新闻的解读进行了初步尝试,期待更多相关的研究,促使人们更全面更深刻地认识这一语言现象,并指导这类节目健康有序的发展。

论文目录

• Acknowledgements
• Abstract
• 摘要
• Chapter One Introduction
• 1.1 Introductory Remarks
• 1.2 Objective of the Study
• 1.3 Methodology of the Study
• 1.4 Organization of the Thesis
• Chapter Two Literature Review
• 2.1 Relevant Journalistic Literature
• 2.2 Relevant Sociolinguistic Literature
• 2.3 Limitations of Previous Studies
• Chapter Three Theoretical Basis
• 3.1 Making Choices
• 3.2 Three Features of Language Use
• 3.2.1 Variability
• 3.2.2 Negotiability
• 3.2.3 Adaptability
• 3.3 Adaptability Analyzed from Four Angles
• 3.3.1 Contextual Correlates of Adaptability
• 3.3.2 Structural Objects of Adaptability
• 3.3.3 Dynamics of Adaptability
• 3.3.4 Salience of the Adaptation Process
• 3.4 The Deficiencies of Adaptation Theory
• Chapter Four Adaptations in Dialectal News Programs
• 4.1 Linguistic Realizations of News in Dialect
• 4.1.1 The Preference for the Use of Onomatopoeic Expressions
• 4.1.2 The Conversion of Idiomatic Expressions into Plain Language
• 4.1.3 The Repetition of Expressions with the Same Meanings
• 4.1.4 The Use of Local Vocabulary
• 4.1.5 The Preference to Use Questions in News Lead
• 4.1.6 The Frequent Use of Emotive or Exclamatory Words
• 4.2 Variability, Negotiability, and Adaptability Applied to the Language of Dialectal News
• 4.2.1 Variability in News in Dialect
• 4.2.2 Negotiability of News in Dialect
• 4.2.3 Adaptability of News in Dialect
• 4.3 Adapting to the Three Worlds
• 4.3.1 Adapting to the Mental World
• 4.3.2 Adapting to the Social World
• 4.3.3 Adapting to the Physical World
• 4.4 Adaptive Failure
• 4.4.1 Adaptive Failure in Terms of Linguistic Choice
• 4.4.2 Adaptive Failure in Terms of Audience Circle
• 4.4.3 Adaptive Failure in Terms of News Contents
• Chapter Five Pragmatic Functions of Using Dialect in Newscast
• 5.1 The Definition of Pragmatic Function
• 5.2 Shortening the Pragmatic Distance
• 5.3 Enhancing the Communicative Efficiency
• 5.4 Transmitting Social and Cultural Information and Additional Messages
• Chapter Six Conclusion
• 6.1 Major Findings of the Study
• 6.1.1 The Linguistic Features of Dialectal News Programs
• 6.1.2 The Interpretative Power of AT in Dialectal News Programs
• 6.1.3 Adaptive Failure of Dialectal News Programs
• 6.1.4 The Pragmatic Functions of Dialectal News Programs
• 6.2 Limitations of the Present Thesis
• 6.3 Suggestions for Further Studies
• Bibliography