译者主体性研究 ——以杨译《鲁迅选集》为例

论文摘要

翻译一词本身蕴含着“人”的含义,人即译者是翻译活动的主体,是协调作者与读者、源语和译入语的中间环节,可以说,译者的主体性地位处处体现在翻译的产出过程中。本文主要选取《鲁迅选集》中名篇名段作为研究材料,从译者主体性角度深度探究杨宪益、戴乃迭二人在翻译过程中所使用翻译手法的精妙之处,对比分析原文本与目标文本之间的相似和差异,对翻译过程中译者主体性的发挥及其限制性因素逐一进行详细解读,并指出译者归化和异化等翻译策略对翻译过程的影响。文章采用当代德国功能主义翻译目的论(Skopos)来论证译者主体性的重要性。理论的倡导者提出,翻译都是带有目的的,不管是非文学文本还是文学文本。笔者认为,翻译目的论可以在很大程度上解释翻译活动,译者,文本以及读者之间的互动关系,也就是说,译者主体性的发挥不仅仅局限于文字上,甚至可以说整个翻译过程都少不了译者的主动参与和协调。文章还以意识形态作为研究手段,用来解释译者不仅仅要理解两种不同的语言,更要了解两个不同国家的文化。然而,意识形态具有极强的操纵性,它可以在很大程度上影响译者主体性的发挥,如翻译特殊的文化、地理或历史等方面的内容时,理应首先考虑译入语国家读者的心理接受程度和期待视野。为了更好论证译者主体性作用,笔者在论文中多次引用“文化学派”诸多代表人物的研究发现,从后现代、后殖民主义和女性主义等多个角度说明译者主体地位得到重新解读和阐释,发现“文化转向”后的译者更具操纵意识。最后,文章提到杨译《鲁迅选集》中使用了多种翻译方法或翻译策略,如德国功能主义理论,异化和归化等等,分析研究译者如何在译文中发挥主体性优势。

论文目录

• 中文摘要
• Abstract
• Chapter 1 Introduction
• 1.1 The Translation of Lu Xun Selected Works
• 1.2 Significance of the Study
• 1.3 Research Methodology
• 1.4 Structure of the Thesis
• Chapter 2 Literature Review
• 2.1 Definition of Translator's Subjectivity
• 2.1.1 The Connotation of Translation
• 2.1.2 The Definition of Translator's Subjectivity
• 2.2 Translator's Subjectivity in Literary Translation and Cultural Turn
• 2.2.1 Translator's Subjectivity in Literary Translation
• 2.2.2 Translator's Subjectivity in Cultural Turn
• 2.3 The Study of Translator's Subjectivity at Home and Abroad
• 2.3.1 The Study of Translator's Subjectivity Abroad
• 2.3.2 The Study of Translator's Subjectivity At Home
• Chapter 3 Translator's Subjectivity in German Functionalists
• 3.1 Development of the School's Views
• 3.1.1 Katharina Reiss and Her Views
• 3.1.2 Hans J.Vermeer and His Views
• 3.1.3 Christiane Nord and Her Views
• 3.2 The Translator's Subjectivity in the Functionalist Translation Theory
• 3.2.1 The Transl ator and the Text
• 3.2.1.1 A Historical View of Functionalist Translation Theory
• 3.2.1.2 A Functional View of Functionalist Translation Theory
• 3.2.2 The Translator,the Reader and the Author
• Chapter 4 Translator,Ideology and Poetics
• 4.1 Definition of Ideology
• 4.2 Influences of Ideology
• 4.2.1 The Translator under Patronage
• 4.2.2 Politi cal Choice
• 4.2.3 The Translation Strategies
• 4.3 The Translator's Poetics
• 4.3.1 Definition of Poetics
• 4.3.2 The Poetics of Translation
• 4.3.3 The Creative Translator
• 4.4 Summary
• Chapter 5 Embodiment of Translator's Subjectivity in Lu Xun Selected Works
• 5.1 Yang Xianyi as a Lifelong Translator
• 5.1.1 Yang's Early life and Translation
• 5.1.2 Notions of Translation from Yang Xianyi
• 5.1.2.1 A Subj ective Insight into Literary Translation
• 5.1.2.2 Dominant Ideology
• 5.2 A Case Study of the Translator's Subjectivity in Lu Xun Selected Works
• 5.2.1 A Domestication-oriented Analysis on Lu Xun Selected Works
• 5.2.2 A Foreignization-oriented Analysis on Lu Xun Selected Works
• 5.3 S ummary
• Chapter 6 Conclusion
• Bibliography
• Publications during the Postgraduate Program
• Acknowledgements