磷酸肌醇信号途径对青扦花粉萌发和花粉管发育的调控作用及芦苇叶细胞壁结构的生理生态学研究

论文摘要

I磷酸肌醇信号途径参与裸子植物青扦花粉萌发和花粉管生长:利用两种磷酸肌醇信号途径抑制剂——新霉素（neomycin,抑制磷脂酶C活性）和TMB-8（抑制磷酸肌醇IP3依赖的钙通道蛋白）,研究了裸子植物青扦花粉管的生长和胞壁物质沉淀与磷酸肌醇信号之间的关系。发现,两种抑制剂不仅严重抑制了青扦花粉的萌发和花粉管的生长,而且明显影响了花粉管的形态,使花粉管生长的畸形率大幅升高。磷酸肌醇信号途径的抑制,除了明显扰乱青扦花粉管顶端Ca2+浓度梯度的产生和维持外,还导致胼胝质在顶端的大量沉积。傅立叶显微红外光谱（FTIR）分析表明,胞壁物质如羧酸、果胶和其他多糖类物质在花粉管中的沉积也受到两抑制剂的影响。对果胶类物质特异标记的抗体实验发现,新霉素和TMB-8不影响酸性果胶在花粉管中的分布行为,但使脂化果胶在花粉管壁中的分布发生了显著变化,两抑制剂使脂化果胶在花粉管壁基部沉积而在顶端消失,表明磷酸肌醇信号途径参与了果胶梯度在青扦花粉管壁中的产生和维持,它的抑制可能影响了果胶由胞质向胞壁的转运。使用对阿拉伯半乳糖蛋白（AGPs）特异标记的抗体发现,AGPs在花粉管壁中按适当比例的分布可能为花粉管正常生长所必需,而磷酸肌醇信号途径的抑制可能通过扰乱APGs由内膜系统向胞壁的转运而影响了青扦花粉管的生长。不同类型的AGPs在花粉管壁中差异表达也可能涉及花粉管的正常发育。以上这些结果表明,磷酸肌醇信号途径参与了青扦花粉的萌发和花粉管的生长,该途径的抑制可能通过影响花粉管顶端Ca2+梯度的产生和维持以及改变胞壁物质的沉积方式而影响了青扦花粉管的发育。II不同生态型芦苇胞壁结构的生理生态学特征研究:以生长于我国西北巴丹吉林沙漠边缘的四种生态型芦苇:水生芦苇、沙丘芦苇、轻度盐化草甸芦苇和重度盐化草甸芦苇为材料,通过细胞和组织化学测定、傅立叶红外光谱以及SDS-PAGE与双向电泳分析,并结合激光共聚焦扫描电镜、荧光显微镜、扫描电镜的观测等,对四种生态型芦苇叶细胞壁,尤其是维管束鞘细胞壁结构及其功能进行了研究。发现,四种生态型芦苇在其长期适应各自极端生境的过程中,其叶维管束形态和鞘细胞壁成分和解剖结构均发生了适应性改变。与水生芦苇相比

论文目录

• Abstract （in Chinese）
• Abstract （in English）
• Abbreviations
• 2+ gradient and deposition of cell wall components'>1. The inhibition of phosphoinositide signaling pathway affects the pollen tubedevelopment in Picea wilsonii by changing the cytoplasmic Ca²⁺ gradient and deposition of cell wall components
• 1.1. Introduction
• 1.2. Materials and methods
• 1.2.1 Plant materials and pollen tube growth conditions
• 1.2.2 Pollen tube growth determination and morphological observation
• 1.2.3 Confocal laser scanning microscopy （CLSM） imaging
• 1.2.4 FTIR microspectroscopy
• 1.2.5 Aniline blue staining of callose
• 1.2.6 Immunolabelling of pectins and arabinogalactan proteins
• 1.3. Results
• 1.3.1 Pollen tube growth and morphology
• 2+ distribution'>1.3.2 Intracellular Ca²⁺distribution
• 1.3.3 FTIR microspectroscopy
• 1.3.4 Callose deposition in pollen tube walls
• 1.3.5 Pectin and arabinogalactan-protein distribution in pollen tube
• 1.4 Discussion
• 1.5 References
• 2.A natomical and chemical characteristics of foliar vascular bundles in four 1eed ecotypes adapted to different habitats
• 2.1. Introduction
• 2.2. Materials and methods
• 2.2.1 Plant material and sampling sites
• 2.2.2 Isolation of foliar vascular bundles and cell walls of bundle sheath cells
• 2.2.3 Field emission scanning electron microscopy （FE-SEM）
• 2.2.4 Light microscopy and histology
• 2.2.5 Fourier transform infrared （FTIR） microspectroscopy analysis
• 2.2.6 Extraction of cell wall-binding proteins and assay of their expression
• 2.2.7 Two-dimensional electrophoresis （2-DE） and image analysis
• 2.3. Results
• 2.3.1 Habitat conditions, leaf water status and stress responses
• 2.3.2 Anatomical characteristics of foliar vascular bundles
• 2.3.3 Anatomical characteristics of the cell walls of foliar bundle sheath
• 2.3.4 FTIR analysis of the cell walls of bundle tissues
• 2.3.5 Histochemical analysis of the cell walls of bundle tissues
• 2.3.6 Contents of cell wall-binding proteins and their different expression
• 2.4 Discussion
• 2.4.1 Anatomical characteristics of foliar vascular bundles
• 2.4.2 Anatomical properties of the cell walls of vascular bundle sheath
• 2.4.3 Chemical characteristics of the cell walls of foliar vascular bundles
• 2.4.4 Histochemical characteristics of the cell walls of foliar vascular bundles
• 2.4.5 Contents of cell wall-binding proteins and their expression
• 2.5 Conclusions
• 2.6 References
• Acknowledgements
• Resume
• Publications