景点标牌翻译的功能文本分析

论文摘要

随着奥运年的到来中国必将迎来前所未有的国际游客潮,汉英旅游翻译的质量将极大地影响中国的国际形象。近年国内对旅游翻译的研究日益加强,从早期的错误分析,文化研究,到近期的游客反应调查,功能理论研究等,对提高旅游翻译质量起到了很大的促进作用。然而,国内现有研究的不足在于:一,研究者多把所有旅游文本视为同一类型进行研究,并以旅游宣传册子为主要研究对象;二,少数针对旅游文本进行的分类研究尚未涉及景点标牌这一特殊文本;三,国内研究在总体上还未上升到理论的高度。而国外翻译理论研究虽较国内成熟,却极少以汉英语言作为研究的语言对象。旅游文本属于应用型文本,实践性强,对其不加分类而进行统一的研究是不合适的。根据旅游文本功能的不同可分为旅游广告,景点标牌及导游词三大类。本文尝试对景点标牌这一特殊旅游文本的汉英翻译进行研究,并借用德国学者诺德提出的文本分析模式,旨在为这一领域的翻译实践提供一个可参考的实践模式。本文以作者在杭州地区实地采集的约200幅双语景点标牌为研究对象,以德国功能翻译理论为依据,对现有景点标牌翻译存在的三类功能错误,即语用错误、文化规范错误及语言错误,进行分析,发现受传统翻译原则的影响,过于忠实于原文字面是造成这些错误的主要原因。本文继而将德国学者诺德提出的文本分析模式应用于三类典型实例文本的分析,总结归纳了各类文本的特点及相应的翻译对策。本文发现根据该模式提供的文本分析要素,旅游景点标牌可进一步分为三类:一,位于景区入口对景点进行总体介绍的标牌,以文本的呼唤型功能为主导;二,位于某一景点对该景点进行说明的标牌,以信息型功能为主导;三,多位于票房门口对景区的票价、提供的服务等进行说明的标牌,以信息型功能为主导。为达到文本的目标交际功能,翻译时首先要明确各类文本的翻译目的,然后对中文原文进行源语文本分析,从而明确哪些信息或语言应该保留,哪些应该根据翻译目的进行调整。传统“信”的原则已经不适宜于指导景点标牌这类应用性很强的文本的翻译。为了实现目标语文本的预期交际功能,对源语文本进行删改,编撰甚至改写都是可行的。

论文目录

• 摘要 （Abstract in Chinese）
• Abstract
• Acknowledgements
• Chapter I INTRODUCTION
• 1.1 Significance of the Research
• 1.2 Research Methodology
• 1.3 Structure of the Thesis
• Chapter II LITERATURE REVIEW
• 2.1 Introduction to the Research Background
• 2.2 Current Studies in Tourist Translation
• 2.2.1 Researches involved with error analysis and discussion of phenomena
• 2.2.2 Researches from a cultural perspective
• 2.2.3 Theoretical researches
• 2.2.4 Dissertations in the field
• 2.3 Focus of the Present Thesis
• Chapter III FUNCTIONALIST TRANSLATION THEORY AND THE TEXT ANALYSIS MODEL
• 3.1 Functionalist Translation Theory
• 3.1.1 Translation As a Translational Action with Intention
• 3.1.2 Skopos theory
• 3.1.3 Text functions
• 3.2 Translation-oriented Text Analysis Model
• 3.2.1 The relationship between source text and target text
• 3.2.2 The role and function of source-text analysis
• 3.2.3 The extratextual and intratextual factors of source-text analysis
• Chapter IV FUNCTIONAL ANALYSES OF ERRORS IN CHINESE-ENGLISH TRANSLATION OF SCENIC SPOTS SIGNS
• 4.1 Chinese-English Translation of Scenic Spots Signs
• 4.1.1 Difficulties in translating C-E scenic spots signs
• 4.1.2 Functional errors in translating C-E scenic spots signs
• 4.2 Functional Error I: Pragmatic Translation Errors
• 4.2.1 Referential inadequacy
• 4.2.2 Cultural information reproducing inadequacy
• 4.3 Functional Error II: Conventional Translation Errors
• 4.3.1 Unconventional rhetorical strategy
• 4.3.2 Unconventional pattern and form
• 4.3.3 Unconventional weights and measures
• 4.4 Functional Error III: Linguistic Translation Errors
• 4.4.1 Diction errors
• 4.4.2 Syntactic errors
• 4.5 Findings of the Analysis
• Chapter V TEXT-ANALYSIS-BASED FUNCTIONAL APPROACHES TO TRANSLATION OF SCENIC SPOTS SIGNS
• 5.1 Text Types of Scenic Spots Signs
• 5.1.1 The distinctions between scenic spots signs and the remaining tourist texts
• 5.1.2 Three text types of scenic spots signs
• 5.2 Functional Approaches to General Introductory Signs with Primary Appellative Function
• 5.2.1 Analysis of extratextual factors and intratextual factors
• 5.2.2 Functional translation strategies
• 5.2.3 Suggested translation
• 5.3 Functional Approaches to Specific Introductory Signs with Predominant Informative Function
• 5.3.1 Analysis of extratextual factors and intratextual factors
• 5.3.2 Functional translation strategies
• 5.3.3 Suggested translation
• 5.4 Functional Approaches to Service and Price Directive Signs with Predominant Informative Function
• 5.4.1 Analysis of extratextual factors and intratextual factors
• 5.4.2 Functional translation strategies
• 5.4.3 Suggested translation
• Chapter VI CONCLUSIONS
• 6.1 Enlightenment to C-E Tourist Translation
• 6.2 Prospective Implications to Pragmatic Texts Translation
• References
• Appendix