基于语料库的译者风格考察 ——以《茶馆》的两个英译本为个案分析

论文摘要

长期以来,翻译活动被视为一种模仿性的活动,而不是创造性活动。这种把文体与原作或原作者联系在一起,以再现原文风格为目标的传统翻译理论造成了译者风格的“隐形”,忽视了对译本风格和译者风格的研究。随着描写翻译研究的兴起,翻译不再被视为简单的由源语到目的语的文本转换的静态过程,而将研究的焦点转向以目的语及其文化为研究中心,为译学研究提供新视角,拓宽了翻译研究的范围。描述翻译研究为基于语料库的译者风格研究提供了理论基础。语料库翻译研究理论架构和研究范式上受到描述性翻译研究的影响,而在研究方法和技术手段上则受益于语料库语言学。有了语料库的强大支持,研究者可以对长篇译作进行文体风格的量化研究、对译者个人所偏爱的语言表达形式等进行统计分析,从而发现译者的翻译风格特征。本研究通过自建小型语料库,利用相关检索软件对所需语料进行检索获得相关数据,通过对数据的分析探讨《茶馆》两译者的翻译风格。本文对《茶馆》两译文在词汇、句法和语篇三个层面进行对比分析,结果表明:(1)在词汇层面,英若诚译文的用词变化大于霍华译文;英若诚译文实词少于霍华译文,可读性强,而霍华译文实词多于英若诚译文,传达了更多原文信息;两译文在使用频率最高的前十个词的使用上基本一致,区别主要体现在前十个词以后词的使用上。(2)在句法层面,英若诚译文平均句长短于霍华译文,表明英若诚译文更简洁,霍华译文更明朗、精确;英若诚译文在标点的使用上比较接近原文而霍华译文在标点的使用上译者主体意识更强。(3)在语篇层面,两译文衔接词的使用变化少且高频使用and,but和so。总体上,霍华译文比英若诚译文更衔接和严谨。译者风格的实证研究有助于科学地分析译者的风格,也有助于原文与译文的全面对比分析。该方法把定性研究与定量研究有机结合起来,进行较为系统的比较和明确的研究,能为翻译批评提供可靠的量化依据,具有较强的客观性和说服力,较好地避免了传统的点评式和感悟式的单一定性研究方法带来的主观性和随意性。

论文目录

• Acknowledgments
• Abstract
• 摘要
• Abbreviations and their Full Names
• List of tables,Charts and Figures
• Chapter 1 Introduction
• 1.1 Research Motivation
• 1.2 A Brief Introduction to Cha Guan and Its English Versions
• 1.3 Research Methods of This Thesis
• 1.4 The Organization of This Thesis
• Chapter 2 Theoretical Foundation of This Thesis
• 2.1 Descriptive Translation Studies
• 2.1.1 Holmes's Map of Translation Studies
• 2.1.2 Toury's Descriptive Translation Studies
• 2.2 Corpus Linguistics and Translation Studies
• 2.2.1 History and Development of Corpus Linguistics
• 2.2.2 Corpus Types and Its Applications
• 2.2.3 Theories of Corpus-based Translation Studies
• 2.2.4 Application Values of Corpus-based Translation Studies
• 2.2.4.1 Studies on Universals of Translation
• 2.2.4.2 Studies on the Style of a Translator
• 2.2.4.3 Translation Practice
• 2.2.4.4 Translator Education
• 2.3 Summary
• Chapter 3 Investigation of the Style of a Translator:Corpus-based Approach vs Traditional Approach
• 3.1 Style in Translation
• 3.2 Definition of the Style of a Translator
• 3.3 Invisibility of the Style of a Translator
• 3.4 Visibility of the Style of a Translator
• 3.5 Methods in Investigating the Style of a Translator
• 3.5.1 Traditional Approach—A Qualitative Analysis
• 3.5.2 Corpus-based Approach—A Combination of Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis
• 3.6 Summary
• Chapter 4 A Case Study of Corpus-based Approach to the Styles of the Two Translators of Cha Guan
• 4.1 Research Objectives of this Case Study
• 4.2 Research Method of this Case Study
• 4.3 Research Procedures of This Case Study
• 4.3.1 Corpus Compilation
• 4.3.1.1 Corpus Design and Text Collection
• 4.3.1.2 Corpora Tagging
• 4.3.2 Corpus Retrieval
• 4.4 Corpus Analysis of the Styles of the Two Translators
• 4.4.1 Comparative Study at the Lexical level
• 4.4.1.1 Ratio between Word Tokens and Word Types
• 4.4.1.2 Lexical Density
• 4.4.1.4 Word Distribution
• 4.4.1.5 Statistical Study of the Top 30 Words in Two Versions
• 4.4.2 Comparative Study at the Syntactic Level
• 4.4.2.1.Mean Sentence Length of Conversations in YVC and HVC
• 4.4.2.2 Complex Sentences
• 4.4.2.3 Contraction Patterns
• 4.4.2.4 Punctuation Marks
• 4.4.3 Comparative Study at the Textual Level
• 4.5 Summary
• Chapter 5 Conclusion
• 5.1 Summary of This Thesis
• 5.2 Implications of the Present Research
• 5.3 Limitations of the Present Research
• Notes
• Bibliography
• Appendix 攻读学位期间发表论文目录