论文摘要
党参属Codonopsis隶属桔梗科Campanulaceae,全属共40余种,主要分布在亚洲中部和东部,我国目前记载和报道共42种[1],主要分布于西南各省区。贵州有9种5变种。本研究对贵州Codonopsis属进行了较系统的分类学研究,包括文献查考、原植物形态鉴定,种子及种皮微形态观察,并对不同种类、不同药用部位、不同产地的党参类药材中党参炔苷的含量进行了分析测定。通过大量野外调查、标本采集及分类鉴定,在贵州威宁和梵净山发现2个新种威宁党参Codonopsis weiningensis S.Z.He et Q.W.Sun和梵净山党参C. fanjingshanensis S.Z.He et W.F.Xu (拟发表)。同时发现2个贵州地理分布新记录变种缠绕党参C. pilosula var. volubilis (Nannf.) L. T. Shen和心叶珠子参C. convolvulacea var. efilamentosa (W. W. Sm.) L. T.Shen。通过腊叶标本考证,结合野外考察,对贵州Codonopsis属植物的种类、分布及形态描述进行了修订,编制了新的分种检索表。同时对《贵州植物志》[2]记载的该属11种3变种进行了调查订正,结果发现有4种未见到可靠资料记载贵州有分布,也未见到相应馆藏腊叶标本,暂作存疑种处理,即三角叶党参C. deltoidea Chipp、川鄂党参C. henryi Oliv.、紫花党参C. purpurea Wall.和光叶党参C. cardiophylla Diels ex Kom.。首次采用光学显微镜数码摄影技术对贵州Codonopsis属植物种子微形态进行系统研究。结果表明,Codonopsi属植物种子微形态专属性强,极具分类学价值,以此建立的种子分类检索表对该属植物及其种子的准确鉴定提供了新的理论依据。采用高效液相色谱法对贵州产Codonopsis属8种植物和近缘属金钱豹属Campanumoea 1种植物中党参炔苷的含量进行测定。结果表明,所测9种植物中均含有党参炔苷,但不同种类中的含量差异较大,且同种不同产地、不同部位及不同采收期的含量也有所不同。
论文目录
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