汉语“PN”和“NP”复指结构的语用认知研究

论文摘要

汉语PN和NP复指结构是由人称代词和指人名词共同组成的结构，该结构中的代词和名词的指称对象相同。该类结构有两种形式：第一种是“代词+名词”1，例如：“他俩人”、“咱老百姓”、“人家二丫”；第二种是“名词+代词”2，如“张三我”、“老人家她”。目前对该类复制结构的研究大部分是在讨论指示代词时提到该结构，或单独运用语义、句法、语用方法进行分析。而鲜有从认知层面分析该结构的研究。本研究基于从北京大学汉语语言研究中心语料库（以下简称CCL）和小说《亮剑》和《家》中收集的语料，对复指结构进行定量和定性研究，运用经济原则、移情和离情以及象似性理论，从语用和认知角度分析了汉语PN复指结构和NP复指结构的句法、语用特征，将结构予以分类，并研究该类复指结构所产生特殊的语用效果。该研究的贡献主要有以下两点：（1）我们发现,在汉语NP和PN复指结构中，N起到了决定性的作用，它是影响NP和PN成为复指结构，而非定中结构的关键因素。（2）本研究从语用认知的视点出发，综合分析汉语复指结构特殊语用效果的产生机制。

论文目录

• 摘要
• Abstract
• Acknowledgements
• CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION
• 1.1 Motivation of the Study
• 1.2 Objectives of the Study
• 1.3 Methodology and Data Description
• 1.4 Organization of the Dissertation
• CHAPTER TWO LITERATURE REVIEW
• 2.1 Introduction
• 2.2 Previous Studies on PN and NP Resumptive Construction
• 2.2.1 The Semantic Approach to PN and NP Resumptive Construction
• 2.2.2 The Syntactic Approach to PN and NP Resumptive Construction
• 2.2.3 The Pragmatic Approach to PN and NP Resumptive Construction
• 2.2.4 Studies of PN and NP Resumptive Construction at Three Levels
• 2.3 The Gap and Drawback
• CHAPTER THREE THEORETICAL BASES
• 3.1 Pragmatic Perspectives
• 3.1.1 Introduction of Economy Principle
• 3.1.2 Pragmatic Empathy and De‐empathy
• 3.2 Cognitive Perspectives
• 3.2.1 Introduction of Iconicity
• 3.2.2 Introduction of Quantity‐Iconicity Principle
• 3.2.3 Introduction of Sequencing‐Iconicity Principle
• 3.2.4 Introduction of Distance‐Iconicity Principle
• 3.3 Summary
• CHAPTER FOUR PRAGMA-COGNITIVE ANALYSIS OF PN AND NP RESUMPTIVE CONSTRUCTION
• 4.1 Introduction
• 4.2 Pragmatic Analysis of PN and NP Resumptive Construction
• 4.2.1 Violation of Economy Principle and Resumptive Construction
• 4.2.2 Pragmatic Empathy and De‐empathy in Resumptive Construction
• 4.3 Cognitive Analysis of PN and NP Resumptive Construction
• 4.3.1 Quantity‐Iconicity Principle and Resumptive Construction
• 4.3.2 Sequencing‐Iconicity Principle and Resumptive Construction
• 4.3.3 Social Distance and Resumptive Construction
• 4.4 Summary
• CHAPTER FIVE DATA ANALYSIS OF PN AND NP RESUMPTIVE CONSTRUCTION
• 5.1 Introduction
• 5.2 Data Collection of PN and NP Resumptive Construction
• 5.2.1 Steps of Data Collection
• 5.2.2 Fuzzy Category of PN and NP Resumptive Construction
• 5.3 Structural Features of PN and NP Resumptive Construction
• 5.3.1 Frequency of Occurrence of PN and NP Resumptive Construction
• 5.3.2 Personal Pronouns in PN and NP Resumptive Construction
• 5.3.3 Nouns in PN and NP Resumptive Construction
• 5.3.4 Inserted Components in PN and NP Resumptive Construction
• 5.4 Syntactic Function of PN and NP Resumptive Construction
• 5.4.1 PN and NP Resumptive Construction Serve as Subject
• 5.4.2 PN and NP Resumptive Construction Serve as Object
• 5.4.3 PN and NP Resumptive Construction Serve as Attribute
• 5.4.4 PN and NP Resumptive Construction Serve as Telescopic Form
• 5.4.5 PN and NP Resumptive Construction Serve as Predicative
• 5.4.6 PN and NP Resumptive Construction Serve as Incomplete Sentence
• CHAPTER SIX CONCLUSION
• 6.1 Major Findings of This Study
• 6.2 Limitations and Suggestions
• REFERENCES
• APPENDIXES
• Appendix 1：480 NP and PN Resumptive Constructions in Liang Jian
• Appendix 2：141 NP and PN Resumptive Constructions in Jia
• Appendix 3：469 NP and PN Resumptive Constructions in CCL