顺应理论框架下的话语标记语研究

顺应理论框架下的话语标记语研究

论文摘要

在日常语言使用中,话语标记语是一种常见的语言现象。它们是一些在话语中起特定语用功能的词或结构。把话语标记语从其所依附的话语中去掉,不影响该话语的语法正确性和其命题内容,但却影响其语用得体性和社会层面上的人际关系。正确的使用和理解话语标记语不仅有助于我们更好的理解他人的话语,还可以使自己的话语更加连贯。因此,对话语标记语的研究有着重要的理论和实践意义。上世纪七十年代以来,语言学家尤其是来自不同研究流派的语用学家不断地对话语标记语进行了探讨。虽然话语标记语的研究成果颇丰,但在很多方面却未达成一致。在对话语标记语的研究中,有三种比较有影响的流派:以Schiffrin和Redeker为首的连贯派,以Fraser为首的语法派,以Blakemore和Rouchota为首的关联派。“话语标记语”这一术语对不同流派的研究者有着不同的意义。没有哪一个流派同时从说话人和听话人的角度对话语标记语做出了全面的阐释。此外,也没有哪一个流派连贯地讨论过下面这三个相互联系的问题:话语标记语为何被使用?它们在话语生成中是如何运作的?它们在话语理解中发挥什么样的作用?基于己有的话语标记语研究,本文尝试以Verschueren的语言顺应理论作为理论框架,从话语生成和话语理解两个方面,阐释话语标记语的功能和作用,以期对话语标记语的进一步研究有所贡献。本文的具体内容和章节安排如下:本文分七章,其中第一章是引言,简要介绍话语标记语,阐明本文的研究目的、方法、和理据,勾勒出全文的框架。第二章讨论了研究话语标记语的主要流派,指出各流派的优点和缺陷。考察已有的话语标记语的定义,并为本研究的话语标记语做出一个工作定义。第三章介绍了本文的理论基础,即顺应的理论框架。包括语言的三大特性,研究的四个角度,意义生成的动态性和元语用意识。第四章阐释了使用话语标记语的原因。在顺应理论的框架内,话语标记语的使用是语言选择的结果,是语言顺应的手段。第五章讨论了话语标记语在话语生成中运作的功能。在言语交际中,说话人受元语用意识的支配,选择各种各样的话语标记语,在命题前、命题中、命题后三个方位体现不同的语用功能,从而顺应各种不同的交际目的。第六章探讨了话语标记语在话语理解中扮演的角色。话语标记语可以被用做明确的语言暗示,标记性话语标记语常具有更高的意识程度。听话人对话语标记语有着不同的意识程度。话语标记语能够帮助听话人正确理解话语,从而实现交际的互动性。第七章是结束语,概述了本文中的一些主要发现、本研究的理论价值和实践意义。同时,也指出了本研究的一些局限性,并为进一步的研究提出了一些建议。

论文目录

  • Abstract
  • 摘要
  • Chapter One Introduction
  • 1.1 Background of the Study
  • 1.2 Aim of the Study
  • 1.3 Rationale of the Study
  • 1.4 Data and Methodology
  • 1.5 Organization of the Thesis
  • Chapter Two Literature Review
  • 2.1 Different Schools on Discourse Markers
  • 2.1.1 Coherence School
  • 2.1.2 The Grammar School
  • 2.1.3 Relevance School
  • 2.2 Different Definitions of Discourse Markers
  • 2.2.1 Earlier Definitions
  • 2.2.2 Working Definition
  • 2.3 Characteristics of Discourse Markers
  • 2.3.1 Connectivity
  • 2.3.2 Optionality
  • 2.3.3 Non-truth-conditionality
  • 2.4 Summary
  • Chapter Three Theoretical Framework
  • 3.1 Three Properties of Language
  • 3.2 Four Angles of Investigation
  • 3.3 Meaning Generation
  • 3.4 Metapragmatic Awareness
  • Chapter Four Factors of Using Discourse Markers
  • 4.1 Discourse Markers as Results of Linguistic Choice-making
  • 4.2 Discourse Markers as Means of Linguistic Adaptation
  • Chapter Five Functions of Discourse Markers
  • 5.1 Indicators of Metapragmatic Awareness
  • 5.2 Functions of Discourse Markers in Utterance Production
  • 5.2.1 Functions to the Prior Proposition
  • 5.2.1.1 Confirming the Prior Propositional Content
  • 5.2.1.2 Inferring the Prior Propositional Content
  • 5.2.1.3 Supplementing the Prior Propositional Content
  • 5.2.1.4 Repairing the Prior Propositional Content
  • 5.2.1.5 Contradicting the Prior Propositional Content
  • 5.2.2 Functions to the Current Proposition
  • 5.2.2.1 Highlighting the Current Proposition
  • 5.2.2.2 Strengthening the Current Propositional Content
  • 5.2.2.3 Weakening the Current Propositional Content
  • 5.2.2.4 Expressing Attitudes to the Current Propositional Content
  • 5.2.2.5 Avoiding Commitment to the Current Propositional Content
  • 5.2.3 Functions to the Future Proposition
  • 5.2.3.1 Opening or Closing a Topic
  • 5.2.3.2 Increasing Involvement of Hearers
  • 5.2.3.3 Delaying Speech Acts
  • 5.3 Summary
  • Chapter Six Roles of Discourse Markers
  • 6.1 Clues of Explicit Language
  • 6.2 Markedness of Discourse Markers
  • 6.3 Salience of Different Degrees
  • 6.4 Summary
  • Chapter Seven Conclusion
  • 7.1 Major Findings
  • 7.2 Major Contributions
  • 7.3 Limitations and Suggestions
  • Bibliography
  • Acknowledgements
  • 攻读学位期间取得的科研成果清单
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    顺应理论框架下的话语标记语研究
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