从译者主体性角度看辜鸿铭的儒经翻译

从译者主体性角度看辜鸿铭的儒经翻译

论文摘要

译者是翻译中最重要、最活跃的主体因素,在翻译过程中呈现出其主体性。但长期以来,传统的翻译理论更多地注重探讨语言层面上的“对等”,片面强调对原文绝对忠实的复制,译者在翻译活动中的地位一直未受到重视,从而忽视了对译者主体性的研究。随着翻译研究的文化转向,译者在翻译过程中的主体性逐渐凸显,对译者主体性的研究已经成为翻译研究的热点课题。辜鸿铭(1857-1928)是晚清著名的学者和翻译家。他倡导儒家文化,翻译了中国儒家经典作品《论语》、《中庸》和《大学》,成为历史上第一个独立将儒家经典译成英文的中国人。他的儒经翻译活动,不仅打破了数百年来“中学西传”领域为西方人所垄断的局面,而且在东、西方文化界都产生了深远的影响。据作者调查,对辜鸿铭的研究现已达到了一定程度,然而研究界过多关注这位文化怪杰的生平逸事、社会活动及其文化思想,导致长期以来忽视了对其翻译活动进行系统深入的探讨。就目前所发表的论文而言,专题研究辜氏翻译的,只有寥寥数篇,且多是集中在翻译技巧层面的分析,是一种静态的文本研究,几乎完全忽视了翻译活动中主体的作用。虽然有译者偶有触及,也是点到即止,未能详尽加以探讨。本文针对这一问题展开探讨,即从辜鸿铭的儒经翻译实践出发,探讨译者在翻译活动中主体性的彰显,并着力分析译者的文化态度、翻译动机等主观因素是如何影响译者对于原文及其翻译策略和方法的选择。本文详细分析了个人主观因素的形成及其对辜鸿铭儒经翻译活动的影响,并在此基础上进一步探讨了译者的主体性在辜鸿铭儒经翻译实践中的体现。辜鸿铭一生致力于东西方文化的介绍与沟通,尤其是在弘扬中华文化方面,成绩卓著,影响深远。由于对西方文明的熟知和对其弊端的摒弃,对中国文化的推崇,为此他选择了儒家经典作为翻译对象。其翻译目的是向世界介绍中国传统文化,以改变他们对中国文化的偏见。为了使西方读者了解儒家文化的精髓,辜鸿铭主要采用了归化的翻译策略。在这一策略的指导下,在对原文本的具体处理过程中,辜鸿铭采用替代,删减,对比,引用等许多翻译方法,将有着他自己独特理解的儒家思想和文化展现在英语读者面前。通过研究发现,辜鸿铭在其翻译活动中,尤其是对待译文本的选择以及翻译策略的选择方面,充分体现出了他的译者主体性。本文作者希望抛砖引玉,能为辜鸿铭的翻译研究做有益性的补充,同时在宏观上加深对译者主体性的认识和理解。

论文目录

  • 中文摘要
  • Abstract
  • INTRODUCTION
  • CHAPTER ONE LITERATURE REVIEW
  • 1.1 REVIEW OF THE ROLE OF THE TRANSLATOR
  • 1.1.1 The Humble Position of the Translator
  • 1.1.2 Recognition of the Subjective Role of the Translator
  • 1.2 PREVIOUS STUDIES ON KU HUNG-MING’S TRANSLATION OF CLASSICS
  • CHAPTER TWO THE TRANSLATOR’S SUBJECTIVITY
  • 2.1 THE TRANSLATOR’S SUBJECTIVITY
  • 2.1.1 The Subject of Translation
  • 2.1.2 Definition of Subjectivity
  • 2.1.3 The Connotation of the Translator’s Subjectivity
  • 2.2 THE SUBJECTIVE FACTORS INVOLVED IN THE TRANSLATOR'S S SUBJECTIVITY
  • 2.2.1 Personal Experience
  • 2.2.2 Cultural Attitude
  • 2.2.3 Aesthetic Awareness
  • 2.2.4 Translation Purpose
  • 2.2.5 Personal Competence
  • CHAPTER THREE SOME SUBJECTIVE FACTORS OF KU HUNG--MING
  • 3.1 KU’S LIFE AND EDUCATION EXPERIENCES
  • 3.2 KU’S LINGUISTIC, CULTURAL AND LITERARY COMPETENCE
  • 3.3 KU’S CULTURAL ATTITUDE
  • 3.3.1 Towards Chinese Culture
  • 3.3.2 Towards Western Culture
  • 3.4 KU’S TRANSLATION PURPOSE OF CONFUCIAN CLASSICS
  • CHAPTER FOUR MANIFESTATIONS OF THE TRANSLATOR’S SUBJECTIVITY IN KU HUNG-MING’S TRANSLATION OF CONFUCIAN CLASSICS
  • 4.1 CHOICE OF SOURCE TEXTS
  • 4.1.1 The Translator’s Subjectivity and His Choice of Source Texts
  • 4.1.2 A Sketch of Ku’s Translated Works of Confucian Classics
  • 4.1.3 Important Factors Affecting Ku’s Choice of Source Texts
  • 4.1.3.1 Ku’s Special Cultural Attitude
  • 4.1.3.2 Ku’s Translation Purpose
  • 4.2 CHOICE OF TRANSLATION STRATEGIES
  • 4.2.1 Important Factors Affecting Ku’s Choice of Strategies
  • 4.2.2 Domestication and Foreignization
  • 4.2.3 Domestication in Ku’s Translation
  • 4.2.4 Foreignization in Ku’s Translation
  • 4.3 CHOICE OF TRANSLATION METHODS
  • 4.3.1 Replacement
  • 4.3.2 Deletion
  • 4.3.3 Addition
  • 4.3.4 Cultural Comparison
  • 4.3.5 Free Translation
  • 4.3.6 Quotation
  • CONCLUSION
  • BIBLIOGRAPHY
  • ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
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