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中英爱情隐喻的认知对比研究

2020-11-30阅读(129)

中英爱情隐喻的认知对比研究

论文摘要

在传统修辞学中隐喻只是被当作一种修辞格来看待,将一物比作另一物的同时省略了比喻词的一种表达方式。适当地使用隐喻,可以使文学作品更加富有新意,印象深刻,人们通常认为只有诗人和文学家能够出色地运用隐喻。隐喻的修辞学研究,最早可追溯到亚里士多德时代,其观点影响了两千多年。直到二十世纪八十年代随着认知语言学的兴起,隐喻的作用开始获得重新认识。在新兴的认知语言学中,隐喻占据着重要的位置:它被当作一种重要的认识工具来帮助我们更好地了解这个世界。认知语言学的奠基人莱可夫和约翰逊认为,隐喻在语言和思维中是无处不在的,并占据重要地位,可以看作是一种思维方式。人类的概念系统不可避免的由隐喻构成。隐喻在人类的思维和认知的深层次起作用,同时也在日常生活中以系统的方式出现。隐喻的本质就是通过另一类事物来理解和经历某一类事物。语言中的隐喻表达是隐喻性思维的表层体现。而文化背景知识是隐喻的语言环境,是隐喻概念形成的源泉,是研究隐喻思维的沃土。众所周知,爱情是文学作品永恒的主题,也是人类各种情感体验中最普遍、最神秘、最复杂、最抽象的情感之一。人们往往借助具体或有形的事物来描述它,英汉两种语言中有关爱情的隐喻非常丰富。本文从认知语言学的角度通过对中英爱情隐喻进行对比分析,旨在支持现代的隐喻理论。研究发现英汉两种语言对于同一概念爱情有许多相同的隐喻,例如“旅程”,“战争”,“植物”等,这是由于隐喻是植根于自身体验的。但同时由于英汉两种不同的文化对爱情隐喻概念的形成有着深远的影响也存在着很多不同,例如基督教,古希腊罗马文化影响了英语中爱情的概化,而道教、佛教、儒家学说等影响了汉语中爱情的概化。本文的研究证实了隐喻既有普遍性又有差异性,隐喻对人类理解抽象事物,理解客观世界发挥着重要的作用,而且也符合隐喻的形成是建立在自身的体验之上的理论。人类的每一种经验都发生在特定的文化背景和文化模式之中,因而,隐喻中蕴涵着丰富的文化特征,文化相对性导致了不同民族隐喻概念之间的差异。本文为隐喻研究提供了新的视角,对深入了解隐喻与文化,隐喻与思维的关系有一定意义。同时,它可以使人们对爱情这个概念有更好更清楚的理解,有助于外语教学某些文化问题方面的理解。

论文目录

  • Acknowledgements
  • Abstract
  • 摘要
  • Chapter One Introduction
  • 1.1 Need for the Study
  • 1.2 Research Questions and Methodology
  • 1.3 Organization of the Thesis
  • Chapter Two Literatur Review
  • 2.1 Traditional Theories of Metaphor
  • 2.1.1 Comparison Theory of Metaphor
  • 2.1.2 Substitution Theory of Metaphor
  • 2.1.3 Interaction Theory of Metaphor
  • 2.2 Contemporary Theories of Metaphor
  • 2.3 Metaphor Study in China
  • Chapter Three Theoretical Foundation
  • 3.1 An Overview of Cognitive Linguistics
  • 3.1.1 Categorization and Prototype
  • 3.1.2 Image Schema
  • 3.1.3 Philosophical Basis of Metaphor
  • 3.2 A Cognitive Approach to Metaphor
  • 3.2.1 The Main Characteristics of Metaphor
  • 3.2.2 The Working Mechanism of Metaphor
  • 3.2.3 The Classification of Metaphor
  • 3.3 Language,Metaphor and Culture
  • 3.3.1 Relations between Language and Culture
  • 3.3.2 Relations between Metaphor and Culture
  • Chapter Four A Comparative Analysis of Conceptual Metaphors of Love in English and Chinese
  • 4.1 The Introduction of Studies on Love
  • 4.1.1 Love Definition
  • 4.1.2 Studies on Love in Different Disciplines
  • 4.2 A Case Study of Conceptual Metaphor of Love
  • 4.2.1 Purpose
  • 4.2.2 Methodology
  • 4.3 Universality of Conceptual Metaphors of Love in English and Chinese
  • 4.3.1 Love is Journey
  • 4.3.2 Love is Human
  • 4.3.3 Love is War
  • 4.3.4 Love is a Plant
  • 4.3.5 Love is Fire
  • 4.3.6 Love is Unity
  • 4.3.7 Love is something in Container
  • 4.3.8 Love is Commodity
  • 4.3.9 Love is Human Body
  • 4.4 Differences of Conceptual Metaphors of Love in English and Chinese
  • 4.4.1 Love is Deity
  • 4.4.2 Love is Nutrient
  • 4.4.3 Love is Agricultural production
  • 4.4.4 Love is Predestined Relationship
  • 4.5 Implications of the Study for ESL
  • Chapter Five Conclusion
  • 5.1 Significance of the Study
  • 5.2 Limitations of the Study
  • 5.3 Suggestions for Future Research
  • References

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    中英爱情隐喻的认知对比研究
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