形容词结构的及物性及其人际意义的研究

论文摘要

系统功能语言学提出语言的三大元功能学说,即语言的经验功能,人际功能和语篇功能。及物系统是体现经验功能的一个重要的语义系统,其作用是把人们在现实世界中的体验分成若干种“过程”。人际功能指的是在话语情境中说话人与话语接受者之间的互动关系,其作用是通过互动建立和维护人际关系,并表达说话人身份、地位、动机和态度。韩礼德提出在功能语言学系统中,一个概念意义在词汇语法层面的实现,可以由“一致式”来承担,也可以由“隐喻式”来承担。所谓“一致式”是指用动词表征动作过程,用名词表征事物和人,用形容词表征性质和状态。所谓“隐喻式”是指通过语法范畴的跨越来表现阶的转换,功能成分的变化甚至及物性过程的转移以及概念的抽象。韩礼德在语法隐喻的研究中,主要探讨了名词化引起的概念隐喻,对于其他语法范畴通过互动实现及物系统并引起概念隐喻和人际隐喻,并未予以关注。在传统意义上,形容词是一种描述人和事物属性和状态的静态词类,普遍存在于每一种语言中。张泊江和Givon(1979,1978)建立起“名词—形容词—动词”的连续系统,认为名词最稳定,不易随时间而变化,动词最不稳定,最易随时间而变化,形容词介于两者之间具有左邻右舍的相关性。但该系统内部的动态机制并未得到充分的阐释,而只是通过一些语法现象加以说明。本论文以此为突破口,通过对大量英、汉原始语料的实证性分析,研究发现:在语篇中英、汉形容词结构十分活跃,具有动态动词化的语义、语法特征;本论文力图阐释其不但具有表征性质和状态的意义,同时具有表征动态趋势的功能。在此基础上本论文作者从功能语言学角度,深入研究形容词结构通过语法隐喻具有实现“及物性”的意义潜势,并从动态角度探讨其在实现及物性中体现的人际意义,从而为及物系统与人际意义的在不同文体中的多维互动提供了良好的实现形式。本论文的基本结构包括:引言部分;理解基础;形容词机构的动态动词化的潜势;形容词结构实现及物系统;形容词结构实现及物性的人际意义;形容词结构的功能在不同文本中的应用;结论部分。本文另辟蹊径从形容词结构关注及物性的实现及其人际意义,这一研究视角对功能语言学理论来说是一个新的突破和创新。它对及物系统的实现加以了补充、丰富和完善,从而为推动功能语言学的研究做出一定的贡献;为他人继续研究及物性和人际意义的互动关系起到良好的借鉴作用。

论文目录

• 摘要
• Abstract
• 1 Introduction
• 1.1 Terminological Review
• 1.2 Research Review
• 1.3 The Goal of the Thesis
• 1.4 The General Structure of the Thesis
• 2 Literature Review
• 2.1 General Introduction to Systemic Functional Grammar
• 2.2 Form, Meaning and Context
• 2.3 Transitivity
• 2.4 Interpersonal Meaning
• 2.5 Grammatical Metaphor and Rankshift
• 2.6 Summary
• 3 The Potentiality of Dynamic Verbalization in Adjective Structures
• 3.1 The Potentiality of Dynamic Verbalization of English Adjective Structures
• 3.1.1 Classification of Adjectives in English
• 3.1.2 Dynamic Adjective Structures in the Predicative Position
• 3.1.3 Semantic Features of Dynamic Verbalization of Adjective Structures
• 3.2 The Potentiality of Dynamic Verbalization of Chinese Adjective Structures
• 3.2.1 Classification of Chinese Adjectives
• 3.2.2 Semantic Features of Dynamic Adjecitves
• 3.2.3 Dynamic Verbalization of Chinese Adjective Structures
• 3.3 Summary
• 4 Grammatical Metaphorization of Adjective Structures in the Realization of Transitivity
• 4.1 Realization of Transitivity in SFG
• 4.2 Realization of Transitivity by Adjective Structures through Grammatical Metaphor
• 4.2.1 Transference from Zero Process to Overt Process
• 4.2.2 Realization of Overt Processes
• 4.3 Indeterminacy and Multi-dimensions of Processes Realized by Adjective Structures
• 4.4 Summary
• 5 Interpersonal Meaning of Adjective Structures in Transitivity
• 5.1 Interpersonal Meaning of Adjective Structures by Mood
• 5.1.1 Adjective Structure and the Choice of Subject
• 5.1.2 Finite in the Adjective Structures
• 5.2 Interpersonal Meaning of Adjective Structures by Modality
• 5.2.1 Modalization of Adjective Structures within Transitivity
• 5.2.2 Modulation of Adjective Structures within Transitivity
• 5.3 Interpersonal Meaning of Adjective Structures from the Perspective of Appraisal
• 5.3.1 Affect Realized by Adjective Structures within Transitivity
• 5.3.2 Judgement Realized by Adjective Structures within Transitivity
• 5.3.3 Adjective Structures and the Realization of Appreciation
• 5.4 The Interaction between Interpersonal Meaning and Ideational Meaning through Adjective Structures
• 5.5 Summary
• 6 The Application of Grammatical Metaphorization of Adjective Structure in Different Styles
• 6.1 Poetry
• 6.2 Novel and Essay
• 6.3 Classical Prose and Other Styles
• 6.4 Summary
• 7 Conclusion
• 7.1 Major Findings
• 7.2 Limitations and Suggestions
• Bibliography
• Publications during M.A. Study
• Acknowledgements