本文主要研究内容
作者胡文俐（2019）在《山苍子幼苗对铅锌胁迫的响应》一文中研究指出：在自然环境中,重金属铅和锌一般共存,因此很容易形成铅锌和其它元素的复合污染。目前,对修复铅锌重金属污染的超累积或富集植物做了较多筛选研究,但这些植物多因生物量小、生长速度慢,在实践应用中受到限制,导致修复铅锌重金属土壤效果不理想。樟科(Lauraceae)木姜子属植物山苍子(Litseacubeba(Lour.)Pers.)为中国南方重要能源和香料树种,具有生物量大、生长迅速、适应性好、地理分布广的特征。本课题组通过前期调查,发现山苍子在铅锌尾矿区生长良好,这表明其对铅锌具有较强的耐受性,具备作为重金属污染修复植物的基础。本研究采用盆栽试验,对山苍子一年生实生苗进行Pb2+、Zn2+胁迫,观测Pb2+、Zn2+单一和复合胁迫下植株的生长情况、实生苗根系形态结构的变化以及植株生理生化的变化;分析山苍子幼苗解剖结构与重金属累积特点;幼苗对主要矿质元素的吸收特性;探究山苍子幼苗对铅锌胁迫的响应特征。主要研究结果如下:(1)当单一 Pb2+浓度≤400mg·kg-1时,山苍子幼苗根系及地上部分的生长受到不同程度的促进作用。在P3处理下(Pb2+浓度为600mg.kg-1),植株地上、根系生长均受到明显的抑制,此时幼苗地上、地下生物量较对照分别下降了 12.95%、13.86%。当单一 Zn2+≤200mg.kg-1时,幼苗各项生长指标与对照无显著差异(P>0.05)。在Pb2+-Zn2+复合≤200mg·kg-1浓度时,幼苗地上、地下指标均受到了轻微的促进作用。当Zn2+和Pb2+-Zn2+均大于400mg·kg-1时,植株生长较对照受到了显著的抑制作用(P<0.05),且Zn2+对幼苗各项指标的抑制作用比在同离子浓度Pb2+处理下大,与此同时Pb2+-Zn2+胁迫对山苍子植株生长的抑制作用大于同离子浓度的单一Zn2+处理。高浓度的铅锌胁迫对山苍子植株的抑制作用大小依次为:Pb2+<Zn2+<Pb2+-Zn2+。(2)叶绿素(Chl)a含量在Pb2+、Zn2+单一处理下逐渐下降,在Pb2+-Zn2+复合胁迫下先增后减;Chlb、Chl(a+b)含量在Pb2+、Zn2+及Pb2+-Zn2+处理下均呈先升后降趋势,且Chl a/b值均低于对照;铅锌单一和复合处理下,Pn、Gs和Tr均随着浓度的增大呈先增后减的变化趋势。随着各处理浓度的增加,山苍子幼苗植株Gi上升,而Pn下降,幼苗光合作用下降是由非气孔因素导致的。山苍子幼苗叶片SOD、POD、CAT酶活性随着Pb2+、Zn2+及Pb2+-Zn2+浓度的增加先上升后下降,叶片中MDA含量则随着浓度增加逐渐上升;在高浓度Zn2+、Pb2+-Zn2+(浓度≥600mg·kg-1)胁迫下,叶片内的POD、CAT酶活性比同浓度单一Pb2+胁迫下更强,植物受到的损害更严重。随着Pb2+、Zn2+及Pb2+-Zn2+浓度的升高,幼苗叶片中可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白含量均呈先上升后下降的趋势,脯氨酸含量随着浓度的增大持续上升。(3)在Pb2+、Zn2+单一与复合不同浓度处理下,Pb2+、Zn2+在山苍子幼苗不同器官中的累积量存在差异,且与根系形态指标密切相关。Pb2+、Zn2+重金属在幼苗地上、地下部分的累积量与盆栽基质中Pb2+、Zn2+浓度之间相关性较大,其中幼苗地上部分Pb2+含量与Pb2+胁迫浓度呈极显著正相关,相关系数为0.935;根系中Zn2+的累积量与Zn2+胁迫浓度呈显著正相关关系,相关系数为0.738。Pb2+、Zn2+处理对山苍子幼苗根系形态的影响大小不同,Zn2+处理对山苍子幼苗根系形态指标的影响大于Pb2+对其根系形态指标的影响。山苍子幼苗根部对Pb2+耐受性较强,对Zn2+的耐受性略小于对Pb2+的耐受性。(4)Pb2+、Zn2+单一及Pb2+-Zn2+复合胁迫对幼苗体内N、P、K元素的平衡存在一定程度的影响。在Pb2+、Zn2+单一胁迫下,山苍子植株地上部分、根部中N含量均呈先增后减趋势;地上、地下P含量仅在Zn2+800mg·kg-1处理下低于对照,较对照分别减少了13.26%、13.80%。山苍子地上部分N、P含量均大于根系中N、P含量,植株中K含量则表现为根部高于地上部分。Pb2+单一处理下,地上K含量在Pb2+800mg.kg-1下显著低于对照(P<0.05),根部中K含量在单一Pb2+处理下均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。在Zn2+单一处理下,地上部分、根部KK含量最小值出现在Zn2+800mg·kg-1处理下,较对照分别下降了10.73%、5.26%。铅锌复合胁迫下,地上和根部中N含量总体呈现下降趋势;随着处理浓度的增大,地上部分P含量呈下降趋势,根部P含量先增后减;植株内地上、地下K含量均随着处理浓度的增大先增后减。(5)山苍子叶片的解剖结构结果显示,三种胁迫方式对幼苗叶片横切形态结构存在不同程度的影响。高浓度Pb2+、Zn2+单一及Pb2+-Zn2+胁迫下山苍子叶片厚度变薄,上、下表皮细胞体积减小,栅栏组织与海绵组织分化逐渐不明显,细胞结构疏松,栅海比下降。山苍子幼苗为了适应外界胁迫环境,叶肉组织、表皮形态均发生了不同程度的改变。
Abstract
zai zi ran huan jing zhong ,chong jin shu qian he xin yi ban gong cun ,yin ci hen rong yi xing cheng qian xin he ji ta yuan su de fu ge wu ran 。mu qian ,dui xiu fu qian xin chong jin shu wu ran de chao lei ji huo fu ji zhi wu zuo le jiao duo shai shua yan jiu ,dan zhe xie zhi wu duo yin sheng wu liang xiao 、sheng chang su du man ,zai shi jian ying yong zhong shou dao xian zhi ,dao zhi xiu fu qian xin chong jin shu tu rang xiao guo bu li xiang 。zhang ke (Lauraceae)mu jiang zi shu zhi wu shan cang zi (Litseacubeba(Lour.)Pers.)wei zhong guo na fang chong yao neng yuan he xiang liao shu chong ,ju you sheng wu liang da 、sheng chang xun su 、kuo ying xing hao 、de li fen bu an de te zheng 。ben ke ti zu tong guo qian ji diao cha ,fa xian shan cang zi zai qian xin wei kuang ou sheng chang liang hao ,zhe biao ming ji dui qian xin ju you jiao jiang de nai shou xing ,ju bei zuo wei chong jin shu wu ran xiu fu zhi wu de ji chu 。ben yan jiu cai yong pen zai shi yan ,dui shan cang zi yi nian sheng shi sheng miao jin hang Pb2+、Zn2+xie pai ,guan ce Pb2+、Zn2+chan yi he fu ge xie pai xia zhi zhu de sheng chang qing kuang 、shi sheng miao gen ji xing tai jie gou de bian hua yi ji zhi zhu sheng li sheng hua de bian hua ;fen xi shan cang zi you miao jie pou jie gou yu chong jin shu lei ji te dian ;you miao dui zhu yao kuang zhi yuan su de xi shou te xing ;tan jiu shan cang zi you miao dui qian xin xie pai de xiang ying te zheng 。zhu yao yan jiu jie guo ru xia :(1)dang chan yi Pb2+nong du ≤400mg·kg-1shi ,shan cang zi you miao gen ji ji de shang bu fen de sheng chang shou dao bu tong cheng du de cu jin zuo yong 。zai P3chu li xia (Pb2+nong du wei 600mg.kg-1),zhi zhu de shang 、gen ji sheng chang jun shou dao ming xian de yi zhi ,ci shi you miao de shang 、de xia sheng wu liang jiao dui zhao fen bie xia jiang le 12.95%、13.86%。dang chan yi Zn2+≤200mg.kg-1shi ,you miao ge xiang sheng chang zhi biao yu dui zhao mo xian zhe cha yi (P>0.05)。zai Pb2+-Zn2+fu ge ≤200mg·kg-1nong du shi ,you miao de shang 、de xia zhi biao jun shou dao le qing wei de cu jin zuo yong 。dang Zn2+he Pb2+-Zn2+jun da yu 400mg·kg-1shi ,zhi zhu sheng chang jiao dui zhao shou dao le xian zhe de yi zhi zuo yong (P<0.05),ju Zn2+dui you miao ge xiang zhi biao de yi zhi zuo yong bi zai tong li zi nong du Pb2+chu li xia da ,yu ci tong shi Pb2+-Zn2+xie pai dui shan cang zi zhi zhu sheng chang de yi zhi zuo yong da yu tong li zi nong du de chan yi Zn2+chu li 。gao nong du de qian xin xie pai dui shan cang zi zhi zhu de yi zhi zuo yong da xiao yi ci wei :Pb2+<Zn2+<Pb2+-Zn2+。(2)xie lu su (Chl)ahan liang zai Pb2+、Zn2+chan yi chu li xia zhu jian xia jiang ,zai Pb2+-Zn2+fu ge xie pai xia xian zeng hou jian ;Chlb、Chl(a+b)han liang zai Pb2+、Zn2+ji Pb2+-Zn2+chu li xia jun cheng xian sheng hou jiang qu shi ,ju Chl a/bzhi jun di yu dui zhao ;qian xin chan yi he fu ge chu li xia ,Pn、Gshe Trjun sui zhao nong du de zeng da cheng xian zeng hou jian de bian hua qu shi 。sui zhao ge chu li nong du de zeng jia ,shan cang zi you miao zhi zhu Gishang sheng ,er Pnxia jiang ,you miao guang ge zuo yong xia jiang shi you fei qi kong yin su dao zhi de 。shan cang zi you miao xie pian SOD、POD、CATmei huo xing sui zhao Pb2+、Zn2+ji Pb2+-Zn2+nong du de zeng jia xian shang sheng hou xia jiang ,xie pian zhong MDAhan liang ze sui zhao nong du zeng jia zhu jian shang sheng ;zai gao nong du Zn2+、Pb2+-Zn2+(nong du ≥600mg·kg-1)xie pai xia ,xie pian nei de POD、CATmei huo xing bi tong nong du chan yi Pb2+xie pai xia geng jiang ,zhi wu shou dao de sun hai geng yan chong 。sui zhao Pb2+、Zn2+ji Pb2+-Zn2+nong du de sheng gao ,you miao xie pian zhong ke rong xing tang 、ke rong xing dan bai han liang jun cheng xian shang sheng hou xia jiang de qu shi ,fu an suan han liang sui zhao nong du de zeng da chi xu shang sheng 。(3)zai Pb2+、Zn2+chan yi yu fu ge bu tong nong du chu li xia ,Pb2+、Zn2+zai shan cang zi you miao bu tong qi guan zhong de lei ji liang cun zai cha yi ,ju yu gen ji xing tai zhi biao mi qie xiang guan 。Pb2+、Zn2+chong jin shu zai you miao de shang 、de xia bu fen de lei ji liang yu pen zai ji zhi zhong Pb2+、Zn2+nong du zhi jian xiang guan xing jiao da ,ji zhong you miao de shang bu fen Pb2+han liang yu Pb2+xie pai nong du cheng ji xian zhe zheng xiang guan ,xiang guan ji shu wei 0.935;gen ji zhong Zn2+de lei ji liang yu Zn2+xie pai nong du cheng xian zhe zheng xiang guan guan ji ,xiang guan ji shu wei 0.738。Pb2+、Zn2+chu li dui shan cang zi you miao gen ji xing tai de ying xiang da xiao bu tong ,Zn2+chu li dui shan cang zi you miao gen ji xing tai zhi biao de ying xiang da yu Pb2+dui ji gen ji xing tai zhi biao de ying xiang 。shan cang zi you miao gen bu dui Pb2+nai shou xing jiao jiang ,dui Zn2+de nai shou xing lve xiao yu dui Pb2+de nai shou xing 。(4)Pb2+、Zn2+chan yi ji Pb2+-Zn2+fu ge xie pai dui you miao ti nei N、P、Kyuan su de ping heng cun zai yi ding cheng du de ying xiang 。zai Pb2+、Zn2+chan yi xie pai xia ,shan cang zi zhi zhu de shang bu fen 、gen bu zhong Nhan liang jun cheng xian zeng hou jian qu shi ;de shang 、de xia Phan liang jin zai Zn2+800mg·kg-1chu li xia di yu dui zhao ,jiao dui zhao fen bie jian shao le 13.26%、13.80%。shan cang zi de shang bu fen N、Phan liang jun da yu gen ji zhong N、Phan liang ,zhi zhu zhong Khan liang ze biao xian wei gen bu gao yu de shang bu fen 。Pb2+chan yi chu li xia ,de shang Khan liang zai Pb2+800mg.kg-1xia xian zhe di yu dui zhao (P<0.05),gen bu zhong Khan liang zai chan yi Pb2+chu li xia jun xian zhe gao yu dui zhao zu (P<0.05)。zai Zn2+chan yi chu li xia ,de shang bu fen 、gen bu KKhan liang zui xiao zhi chu xian zai Zn2+800mg·kg-1chu li xia ,jiao dui zhao fen bie xia jiang le 10.73%、5.26%。qian xin fu ge xie pai xia ,de shang he gen bu zhong Nhan liang zong ti cheng xian xia jiang qu shi ;sui zhao chu li nong du de zeng da ,de shang bu fen Phan liang cheng xia jiang qu shi ,gen bu Phan liang xian zeng hou jian ;zhi zhu nei de shang 、de xia Khan liang jun sui zhao chu li nong du de zeng da xian zeng hou jian 。(5)shan cang zi xie pian de jie pou jie gou jie guo xian shi ,san chong xie pai fang shi dui you miao xie pian heng qie xing tai jie gou cun zai bu tong cheng du de ying xiang 。gao nong du Pb2+、Zn2+chan yi ji Pb2+-Zn2+xie pai xia shan cang zi xie pian hou du bian bao ,shang 、xia biao pi xi bao ti ji jian xiao ,shan lan zu zhi yu hai mian zu zhi fen hua zhu jian bu ming xian ,xi bao jie gou shu song ,shan hai bi xia jiang 。shan cang zi you miao wei le kuo ying wai jie xie pai huan jing ,xie rou zu zhi 、biao pi xing tai jun fa sheng le bu tong cheng du de gai bian 。
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论文作者分别是来自中南林业科技大学的胡文俐，发表于刊物中南林业科技大学2019-09-29论文，是一篇关于山苍子论文,铅锌胁迫论文,幼苗生长论文,生理生化论文,重金属累积论文,解剖结构论文,中南林业科技大学2019-09-29论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用，各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载，文章观点不代表本站观点，资料来自中南林业科技大学2019-09-29论文网站，若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权，请联系我们删除。
标签：山苍子论文; 铅锌胁迫论文; 幼苗生长论文; 生理生化论文; 重金属累积论文; 解剖结构论文; 中南林业科技大学2019-09-29论文;