本文主要研究内容
作者项佳韦（2019）在《麻纹蝽平腹小蜂体内共生菌多样性及立克次氏体在生殖系统的分布》一文中研究指出：麻纹蝽平腹小蜂Anastatus fulloi隶属于膜翅目旋小蜂科(Hymenoptera:Eupelmidae),是果园害虫荔枝蝽Tessaratoma papillosa(半翅目荔蝽科,Hemiptera:Tessaratomidae)重要的天敌寄生蜂。我国自上世纪60年代起就开始研究人工繁育和释放平腹小蜂的技术。通过人工繁育释放平腹小蜂,在荔枝和龙眼果园取得了很好的防治效果,其中放蜂果园荔蝽卵的寄生率可达85~90%,基本控制住了荔枝蝽的为害,为绿色和无公害荔枝、龙眼的生产提供了必要保障。寄生蜂体内存在着大量的共生菌,包括Wolbachia、Rickettsia、Cardinium、Spiroplasma等,这些共生菌不仅调控宿主昆虫的营养代谢和生殖代谢,还能协助寄生蜂抵御生物、非生物胁迫,提高寄生蜂对化学农药的抗性及对寄生害虫的适应性等。而目前尚未见有针对麻纹蝽平腹小蜂共生菌的研究,研究麻纹蝽平腹小蜂体内共生菌的多样性、种类、分布等,可以促进对平腹小蜂的寄生、生殖等特性更深入的了解,更好的推动利用利用平腹小蜂防治农林害虫。本论文以麻纹蝽平腹小蜂为研究对象,首先通过内部解剖,明确其生殖系统的内部构造;再通过高通量测序和16S rDNA克隆扩增技术检测其体内共生菌的多样性,明确共生菌的种类及相对丰度;最后通过荧光原位杂交(FISH)技术确定次生共生菌Rickettsia在麻纹蝽平腹小蜂体内的分布位置,进而推测和探讨其功能。本论文主要研究结果如下:1.在体式显微镜下分别对麻纹蝽平腹小蜂的雌、雄成虫进行解剖,发现雌性生殖系统由中输卵管、附腺、受精囊和1对卵巢、1对侧输卵管等组成;毒器官由1个无色透明并充满油状物质的毒囊、1条白色卷曲的毒腺以及1个呈囊状富含油性物质的杜氏腺组成。雄性生殖系统由射精管和1对睾丸、1对附腺、1对输精管等组成。2.基于细菌的通用引物16S rDNA测序分析麻纹蝽平腹小蜂广东实验室种群和福清野外种群体内共生菌的多样性,发现在野外种群检测到6大类共生菌,分别为沃尔巴克氏体Wolbachia、立克次氏体Rickettsia、不动杆菌属Acinetobacter、醋酸菌科Acetobacteraceae、螺原体Spiroplasma以及葡萄糖酸杆菌属Gluconobacter;而实验室种群只检测到醋酸菌科Acetobacteraceae和螺原体Spiroplasma。3.利用高通量测序技术完成了福清野外种群体内共生菌的检测,发现在纲级阶元优势菌为疣微菌纲Verrucomicrobiae和螺旋体纲Spirochaetes;在目级分类阶元其优势菌为疣微菌目Verrucomicrobiales、螺旋体目Spirochaetales和肠杆菌目Enterobacteriales;在科级分类阶元其优势菌为螺旋体科Spirochaetaceae、普雷沃氏菌科Prevotellaceae、肠杆菌科Enterobacteriaceae和毛螺菌科Lachnospiraceae;具体到属级分类单元,其优势菌为密螺旋体属Treponema、拟杆菌属Bacteroides和埃希氏杆菌属Escherichia。4.利用荧光原位杂交技术(FISH)对野外种群的麻纹蝽平腹小蜂生殖系统内的立克次氏体Rickettsia进行了检测,发现立克次氏体Rickettsia在麻纹蝽平腹小蜂体内存在于菌胞外部,即在雌虫腹部已成熟的卵内和未成熟的卵母细胞内,并集中分布在卵泡细胞周围,同样在卵柄和卵梗位置也检测到立克次氏体;并且在小蜂的雄性个体的精巢附腺中也能检测到立克次氏体的荧光信号。综上所述,本论文对麻纹蝽平腹小蜂的生殖系统结构有了较为清楚的认识,并且利用16S rDNA克隆测序和高通量技术测定小蜂体内共生菌的种类丰度,然后利用荧光原位杂交技术在麻纹蝽平腹小蜂雌成虫卵巢内的已成熟的卵、卵柄、卵梗位置以及未成熟的卵母细胞和卵巢附腺中检测到荧光信号,证明该菌在小蜂体内是经卵垂直传播,并且在雄成虫精巢附腺中也发现立克次氏体的存在。所得结论为提高寄生蜂繁育效率和揭示次生内共生菌在宿主种群间的传播方式提供依据。
Abstract
ma wen chun ping fu xiao feng Anastatus fulloili shu yu mo chi mu xuan xiao feng ke (Hymenoptera:Eupelmidae),shi guo yuan hai chong li zhi chun Tessaratoma papillosa(ban chi mu li chun ke ,Hemiptera:Tessaratomidae)chong yao de tian di ji sheng feng 。wo guo zi shang shi ji 60nian dai qi jiu kai shi yan jiu ren gong fan yo he shi fang ping fu xiao feng de ji shu 。tong guo ren gong fan yo shi fang ping fu xiao feng ,zai li zhi he long yan guo yuan qu de le hen hao de fang zhi xiao guo ,ji zhong fang feng guo yuan li chun luan de ji sheng lv ke da 85~90%,ji ben kong zhi zhu le li zhi chun de wei hai ,wei lu se he mo gong hai li zhi 、long yan de sheng chan di gong le bi yao bao zhang 。ji sheng feng ti nei cun zai zhao da liang de gong sheng jun ,bao gua Wolbachia、Rickettsia、Cardinium、Spiroplasmadeng ,zhe xie gong sheng jun bu jin diao kong su zhu kun chong de ying yang dai xie he sheng shi dai xie ,hai neng xie zhu ji sheng feng di yu sheng wu 、fei sheng wu xie pai ,di gao ji sheng feng dui hua xue nong yao de kang xing ji dui ji sheng hai chong de kuo ying xing deng 。er mu qian shang wei jian you zhen dui ma wen chun ping fu xiao feng gong sheng jun de yan jiu ,yan jiu ma wen chun ping fu xiao feng ti nei gong sheng jun de duo yang xing 、chong lei 、fen bu deng ,ke yi cu jin dui ping fu xiao feng de ji sheng 、sheng shi deng te xing geng shen ru de le jie ,geng hao de tui dong li yong li yong ping fu xiao feng fang zhi nong lin hai chong 。ben lun wen yi ma wen chun ping fu xiao feng wei yan jiu dui xiang ,shou xian tong guo nei bu jie pou ,ming que ji sheng shi ji tong de nei bu gou zao ;zai tong guo gao tong liang ce xu he 16S rDNAke long kuo zeng ji shu jian ce ji ti nei gong sheng jun de duo yang xing ,ming que gong sheng jun de chong lei ji xiang dui feng du ;zui hou tong guo ying guang yuan wei za jiao (FISH)ji shu que ding ci sheng gong sheng jun Rickettsiazai ma wen chun ping fu xiao feng ti nei de fen bu wei zhi ,jin er tui ce he tan tao ji gong neng 。ben lun wen zhu yao yan jiu jie guo ru xia :1.zai ti shi xian wei jing xia fen bie dui ma wen chun ping fu xiao feng de ci 、xiong cheng chong jin hang jie pou ,fa xian ci xing sheng shi ji tong you zhong shu luan guan 、fu xian 、shou jing nang he 1dui luan chao 、1dui ce shu luan guan deng zu cheng ;du qi guan you 1ge mo se tou ming bing chong man you zhuang wu zhi de du nang 、1tiao bai se juan qu de du xian yi ji 1ge cheng nang zhuang fu han you xing wu zhi de du shi xian zu cheng 。xiong xing sheng shi ji tong you she jing guan he 1dui gao wan 、1dui fu xian 、1dui shu jing guan deng zu cheng 。2.ji yu xi jun de tong yong yin wu 16S rDNAce xu fen xi ma wen chun ping fu xiao feng an dong shi yan shi chong qun he fu qing ye wai chong qun ti nei gong sheng jun de duo yang xing ,fa xian zai ye wai chong qun jian ce dao 6da lei gong sheng jun ,fen bie wei wo er ba ke shi ti Wolbachia、li ke ci shi ti Rickettsia、bu dong gan jun shu Acinetobacter、cu suan jun ke Acetobacteraceae、luo yuan ti Spiroplasmayi ji pu tao tang suan gan jun shu Gluconobacter;er shi yan shi chong qun zhi jian ce dao cu suan jun ke Acetobacteraceaehe luo yuan ti Spiroplasma。3.li yong gao tong liang ce xu ji shu wan cheng le fu qing ye wai chong qun ti nei gong sheng jun de jian ce ,fa xian zai gang ji jie yuan you shi jun wei you wei jun gang Verrucomicrobiaehe luo xuan ti gang Spirochaetes;zai mu ji fen lei jie yuan ji you shi jun wei you wei jun mu Verrucomicrobiales、luo xuan ti mu Spirochaetaleshe chang gan jun mu Enterobacteriales;zai ke ji fen lei jie yuan ji you shi jun wei luo xuan ti ke Spirochaetaceae、pu lei wo shi jun ke Prevotellaceae、chang gan jun ke Enterobacteriaceaehe mao luo jun ke Lachnospiraceae;ju ti dao shu ji fen lei chan yuan ,ji you shi jun wei mi luo xuan ti shu Treponema、ni gan jun shu Bacteroideshe ai xi shi gan jun shu Escherichia。4.li yong ying guang yuan wei za jiao ji shu (FISH)dui ye wai chong qun de ma wen chun ping fu xiao feng sheng shi ji tong nei de li ke ci shi ti Rickettsiajin hang le jian ce ,fa xian li ke ci shi ti Rickettsiazai ma wen chun ping fu xiao feng ti nei cun zai yu jun bao wai bu ,ji zai ci chong fu bu yi cheng shou de luan nei he wei cheng shou de luan mu xi bao nei ,bing ji zhong fen bu zai luan pao xi bao zhou wei ,tong yang zai luan bing he luan geng wei zhi ye jian ce dao li ke ci shi ti ;bing ju zai xiao feng de xiong xing ge ti de jing chao fu xian zhong ye neng jian ce dao li ke ci shi ti de ying guang xin hao 。zeng shang suo shu ,ben lun wen dui ma wen chun ping fu xiao feng de sheng shi ji tong jie gou you le jiao wei qing chu de ren shi ,bing ju li yong 16S rDNAke long ce xu he gao tong liang ji shu ce ding xiao feng ti nei gong sheng jun de chong lei feng du ,ran hou li yong ying guang yuan wei za jiao ji shu zai ma wen chun ping fu xiao feng ci cheng chong luan chao nei de yi cheng shou de luan 、luan bing 、luan geng wei zhi yi ji wei cheng shou de luan mu xi bao he luan chao fu xian zhong jian ce dao ying guang xin hao ,zheng ming gai jun zai xiao feng ti nei shi jing luan chui zhi chuan bo ,bing ju zai xiong cheng chong jing chao fu xian zhong ye fa xian li ke ci shi ti de cun zai 。suo de jie lun wei di gao ji sheng feng fan yo xiao lv he jie shi ci sheng nei gong sheng jun zai su zhu chong qun jian de chuan bo fang shi di gong yi ju 。
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论文详细介绍
论文作者分别是来自福建农林大学的项佳韦，发表于刊物福建农林大学2019-08-30论文，是一篇关于麻纹蝽平腹小蜂论文,内共生菌论文,高通量测序论文,荧光原位杂交论文,立克次氏体论文,福建农林大学2019-08-30论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用，各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载，文章观点不代表本站观点，资料来自福建农林大学2019-08-30论文网站，若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权，请联系我们删除。
标签：麻纹蝽平腹小蜂论文; 内共生菌论文; 高通量测序论文; 荧光原位杂交论文; 立克次氏体论文; 福建农林大学2019-08-30论文;