语篇解码者视角下的语篇连贯标准

语篇解码者视角下的语篇连贯标准

论文摘要

短短三十余年,语篇连贯理论得到很大的发展,并大致经历了三个发展阶段:即以Halliday为代表的基于语篇本身的语篇连贯方法,以Givon为代表的基于读者心理过程的研究方法以及后来侧重语篇各部分之间连贯关系的研究方法。总体看来,语篇连贯理论中关于语篇连贯定义和连贯条件的研究主要存在三个问题。第一,基于语篇本身的语篇连贯研究者认为连贯是语篇本身的特征,这一结论忽视了读者在连贯理解过程中的作用。第二,基于读者(解码者)的语篇连贯研究者过于强调连贯是心理现象,而不是语言现象,强调语言连贯不是语篇本身的特征,而是独立于文本之外的某种特征。另外,持此观点的研究者还断然否定基于文本的语篇连贯研究方法。第三,对语篇连贯的条件的研究往往只注重于某一个方面,而忽略了其他方面,且缺乏足够的有说服力的例证。他们中有的是基于语篇自身来讨论如何获得语篇连贯,却避而不谈读者在语篇连贯中的作用;有的则基于读者心理认知过程,过分强调读者的心理认知作用,而否认语篇本身在语篇连贯过程中的根本作用。虽然也有一些研究者在研究过程中兼顾了语篇本身和语篇解码者,但是对语篇连贯条件,尤其是从语篇解码者对语篇的外部条件的论述却缺乏足够说服力的论证。目前,在一个完整、全面的语篇连贯定义基础上,从语篇解码者的视角出发,来探讨语篇连贯标准的研究并不多见。正是由于前人语篇连贯理论及语篇连贯条件的研究存在诸多不足之处,本文作者在充分借鉴和吸收前人科研成果的基础上,采取了定性分析的研究方法,提出了自己关于语篇连贯的定义。作者认为语篇连贯产生于语篇本身,完成于语篇解码者的解码过程;它既是语篇本身的特征,又是语篇解码者的心理认知特征;语篇连贯由语篇解码者和语篇编码者共同完成。此外本文还讨论了语篇连贯的定义和影响语篇连贯的诸因素,并在此基础上从语篇解码者的角度提出了语篇连贯的5个标准:语义一致,主题一致,语境一致,文化模式i+1和认知模式i+1。在以上五个有关语篇连贯标准的论述中,作者重点借鉴Krashen监察理论中发展最成熟的输入假设理论,论证了语篇解码者自身的文化模式和认知模式,及其异域文化模式和认知模式知识的积累在语篇连贯过程中的重要作用。最后通过大量个案分析,探讨了作者的论断,支持了作者的论点。本文主要得出以下结论:1、语篇连贯确实是由语篇编码者和语篇解码者的全力合作共同完成的;2、语篇解码者自身对于不同文化模式知识积累越多,在二语学习时语篇解码过程中的获得语篇理解和语篇连贯就显得越容易;3、在二语阅读教学中,单纯的语言知识点输入虽然必要,教师更应注重不同文化模式和认知模式的相关知识的输入,以不断提高学生的文化模式和认知模式水平。

论文目录

  • 摘要
  • Abstract
  • PART 1 INTRODUCTION
  • 1.1 NECESSITY OF THE RESEARCH
  • 1.2 LITERATURE REVIEW
  • 1.2.1 Halliday and Hasan’s Research on Conditions for Coherence
  • 1.2.2 Van Dijk’s Research on Conditions for Coherence
  • 1.2.3 Tanya Reinhart’s Research on Conditions for Coherence
  • 1.2.4 De Beaugrande and Dressler’s Research of Coherence
  • 1.2.5 Viehweger’s Knowledge-instrumentalized Research of Coherence
  • 1.2.6 Givon’s Reader-based Research of Coherence
  • 1.2.7 Zhu Yongsheng’s Research on Linguistic Conditions for Coherence
  • 1.2.8 Zhang Delu & Liu Rushan’s Conditions for Coherence
  • 1.3 OVERVIEW OF THE RESEARCH
  • PART 2 STUDIES ON DEFINITIONS OF COHERENCE
  • 2.1 DEFINITIONS OF COHERENCE
  • 2.2 WEAKNESSES OF PRESENT RESEARCHES ON TEXT COHERENCE
  • 2.3 AUTHOR’S DEFINITION OF TEXT COHERENCE
  • PART 3 FACTORS AFFECTING TEXT COHERENCE
  • 3.1 MENTAL THINKING
  • 3.2 COGNITIVE MODEL
  • 3.3 CONTEXT OF SITUATION
  • 3.4 CONTEXT OF CULTURE
  • PART 4 COHERENCE UNDER TEXT-DECODER’S COGNITION
  • 4.1 SEMANTIC CONSISTENCY IN TEXT ITSELF
  • 4.2 TOPIC CONSISTENCY
  • 4.3 CONTEXT CONSISTENCY
  • 4.4 CULTURAL MODEL I+1
  • 4.4.1 Cultural Model
  • 4.4.2 Input Hypothesis i+1
  • 4.4.3 Cultural Model i+1
  • 4.4.4 Case Study
  • 4.5 COGNITIVE MODEL I+1
  • 4.5.1 Cognitive Model
  • 4.5.2 Cognitive Model i+1
  • PART 5 CONCLUSION
  • Bibliography
  • Acknowledgements
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