本文主要研究内容
作者侯兴龙（2019）在《聚二甲基硅氧烷的光热硫化及其复合材料性能的研究》一文中研究指出：硅橡胶作为一种特种橡胶,以其优异的耐低温、耐高温、耐老化、耐腐蚀、耐化学试剂、低表面能等特性而被广泛应用于航空航天、电工电子以及工业生产等领域。但是,力学性能较差的问题却严重的限制了硅橡胶的应用领域,因此关于硅橡胶补强的研究一直受到广泛关注。高温硫化硅橡胶（HTV硅橡胶）是用量最大的一类硅橡胶,但由于硅橡胶导热性能较差,高温硫化硅橡胶在加热硫化时易产生内外硫化不均匀的现象。针对硅橡胶应用中的这些问题,本文以聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）为研究对象,探索了基于光热转换材料的光热硫化工艺在HTV硅橡胶中的应用。具体的研究内容主要包括以下几个方面:1、新型光热转换材料的制备及其光热转换性能的研究（1）基于过渡金属3d电子的d-d跃迁理论,设计、合成出两种能够强烈吸收近红外光,并将其能量高效转换为热能的不同微观形貌的磷酸铜（copper phosphate,简称CuPO）光热转换材料。（2）通过粉末X射线衍射、扫描电镜等手段,对产物的微观形貌和物相组成进行了分析,结果表明,这两种磷酸铜分别为无定形态的絮状磷酸铜（floss-like copper phosphate,FCuPO）和结晶良好、化学组成为Cu2（OH）PO4的棒状磷酸铜（rod-like copper phosphate,RCuPO）。（3）光吸收性能研究结果表明,絮状磷酸铜对6001000 nm的近红外光有强烈吸收,最大吸收λmax位于760 nm和849 nm处;棒状磷酸铜则强烈吸收7001600nm波段的近红外光,最大吸收λmax位于1144 nm处。（4）光热转换性能研究结果表明,絮状磷酸铜和棒状磷酸铜对808 nm近红外激光的光热转换效率分别为27.17%和26.64%,棒状磷酸铜对980 nm近红外激光的光热转换效率为35.59%。2、光热加热与烘箱加热方式对CuPO-PDMS复合材料硫化速率和力学性能的影响（1）以FCuPO为光热转换填料并与PDMS复合,制得FCuPO-PDMS复合材料,通过溶胀法测试了FCuPO-PDMS硫化胶的交联密度,研究了光热加热和烘箱加热两种加热方式对PDMS硫化速率的影响。实验结果表明,采用光热加热方式制得的FCuPO-PDMS硫化胶具有更高的交联密度,这说明,光热加热方式能够显著加快PDMS的升温速率,实现快速均匀的硫化。其原因是光热填料在PDMS基体中的均匀分布能够令基体各个部位在光照下均匀受热进而均匀硫化,而在传统烘箱加热过程中,热量由外向内传递,聚合物基体较差的导热性往往令基体内部存在温度较低的过冷区,导致整体硫化的不均匀。（2）力学性能研究结果表明,FCuPO和RCuPO对PDMS均有一定的补强作用,且RCuPO的补强效果更好,其原因可能是RCuPO为结晶良好的微米棒,能够如碳纤维一样提高聚合物基体的拉伸强度。（3）相较于烘箱加热固化,使用光热加热方式固化,可以令PDMS-CuPO复合材料的拉伸强度得到显著提升。扫描电镜观察RCuPO-PDMS复合材料拉断样品的断面,发现烘箱加热固化样品的拉伸断面有很多棒状磷酸铜从基体中脱出,且棒表面光滑,无基体胶料附着,说明RCuPO与PDMS基体之间并未形成良好的界面结合。而在光热固化RCuPO-PDMS复合材料拉伸断面的扫描电镜照片中,仅能观察到少量脱出的棒状磷酸铜,不仅脱出端较短,且脱出物表面明显有胶料包裹,这充分说明光热硫化制得的复合物中,光热填料RCuPO与基体PDMS之间形成了良好的界面结合。其原因是由于在光照条件下,光热填料能够作为热源,令热量由内向外传递,临近填料的PDMS其温度必将超过基体的平均温度,硫化程度更加完全,从而令基体与填料之间形成更好的界面结合。3、磷酸铜-PDMS自漂浮复合光热膜片在模拟太阳能海水淡化中的应用制备了由磷酸铜与PDMS复合而成的自漂浮多孔双层光热膜片,探究了磷酸铜-PDMS复合膜片在加速海水淡化方面的应用。研究结果表明,由于RCuPO比FCuPO在近红外光区有更大波长范围及更高强度的吸收,因此,RCuPO-PDMS复合膜片能够更有效的加速模拟海水的光热蒸发。此外,双层结构的设计限制了热量流动,更好的将热量富集于水与空气的界面处,显著加速了海水蒸发。在功率密度为1000W/cm2的模拟太阳能光源的照射下,由RCuPO制得的多孔双层复合膜片对模拟海水的蒸发速率达到了1331 g·m-2h-1,与无膜片相比,提升模拟海水蒸发速率约219.2%,对模拟太阳光的能量利用率高达83.06%。
Abstract
gui xiang jiao zuo wei yi chong te chong xiang jiao ,yi ji you yi de nai di wen 、nai gao wen 、nai lao hua 、nai fu shi 、nai hua xue shi ji 、di biao mian neng deng te xing er bei an fan ying yong yu hang kong hang tian 、dian gong dian zi yi ji gong ye sheng chan deng ling yu 。dan shi ,li xue xing neng jiao cha de wen ti que yan chong de xian zhi le gui xiang jiao de ying yong ling yu ,yin ci guan yu gui xiang jiao bu jiang de yan jiu yi zhi shou dao an fan guan zhu 。gao wen liu hua gui xiang jiao （HTVgui xiang jiao ）shi yong liang zui da de yi lei gui xiang jiao ,dan you yu gui xiang jiao dao re xing neng jiao cha ,gao wen liu hua gui xiang jiao zai jia re liu hua shi yi chan sheng nei wai liu hua bu jun yun de xian xiang 。zhen dui gui xiang jiao ying yong zhong de zhe xie wen ti ,ben wen yi ju er jia ji gui yang wan （PDMS）wei yan jiu dui xiang ,tan suo le ji yu guang re zhuai huan cai liao de guang re liu hua gong yi zai HTVgui xiang jiao zhong de ying yong 。ju ti de yan jiu nei rong zhu yao bao gua yi xia ji ge fang mian :1、xin xing guang re zhuai huan cai liao de zhi bei ji ji guang re zhuai huan xing neng de yan jiu （1）ji yu guo du jin shu 3ddian zi de d-dyue qian li lun ,she ji 、ge cheng chu liang chong neng gou jiang lie xi shou jin gong wai guang ,bing jiang ji neng liang gao xiao zhuai huan wei re neng de bu tong wei guan xing mao de lin suan tong （copper phosphate,jian chen CuPO）guang re zhuai huan cai liao 。（2）tong guo fen mo Xshe xian yan she 、sao miao dian jing deng shou duan ,dui chan wu de wei guan xing mao he wu xiang zu cheng jin hang le fen xi ,jie guo biao ming ,zhe liang chong lin suan tong fen bie wei mo ding xing tai de xu zhuang lin suan tong （floss-like copper phosphate,FCuPO）he jie jing liang hao 、hua xue zu cheng wei Cu2（OH）PO4de bang zhuang lin suan tong （rod-like copper phosphate,RCuPO）。（3）guang xi shou xing neng yan jiu jie guo biao ming ,xu zhuang lin suan tong dui 6001000 nmde jin gong wai guang you jiang lie xi shou ,zui da xi shou λmaxwei yu 760 nmhe 849 nmchu ;bang zhuang lin suan tong ze jiang lie xi shou 7001600nmbo duan de jin gong wai guang ,zui da xi shou λmaxwei yu 1144 nmchu 。（4）guang re zhuai huan xing neng yan jiu jie guo biao ming ,xu zhuang lin suan tong he bang zhuang lin suan tong dui 808 nmjin gong wai ji guang de guang re zhuai huan xiao lv fen bie wei 27.17%he 26.64%,bang zhuang lin suan tong dui 980 nmjin gong wai ji guang de guang re zhuai huan xiao lv wei 35.59%。2、guang re jia re yu hong xiang jia re fang shi dui CuPO-PDMSfu ge cai liao liu hua su lv he li xue xing neng de ying xiang （1）yi FCuPOwei guang re zhuai huan tian liao bing yu PDMSfu ge ,zhi de FCuPO-PDMSfu ge cai liao ,tong guo rong zhang fa ce shi le FCuPO-PDMSliu hua jiao de jiao lian mi du ,yan jiu le guang re jia re he hong xiang jia re liang chong jia re fang shi dui PDMSliu hua su lv de ying xiang 。shi yan jie guo biao ming ,cai yong guang re jia re fang shi zhi de de FCuPO-PDMSliu hua jiao ju you geng gao de jiao lian mi du ,zhe shui ming ,guang re jia re fang shi neng gou xian zhe jia kuai PDMSde sheng wen su lv ,shi xian kuai su jun yun de liu hua 。ji yuan yin shi guang re tian liao zai PDMSji ti zhong de jun yun fen bu neng gou ling ji ti ge ge bu wei zai guang zhao xia jun yun shou re jin er jun yun liu hua ,er zai chuan tong hong xiang jia re guo cheng zhong ,re liang you wai xiang nei chuan di ,ju ge wu ji ti jiao cha de dao re xing wang wang ling ji ti nei bu cun zai wen du jiao di de guo leng ou ,dao zhi zheng ti liu hua de bu jun yun 。（2）li xue xing neng yan jiu jie guo biao ming ,FCuPOhe RCuPOdui PDMSjun you yi ding de bu jiang zuo yong ,ju RCuPOde bu jiang xiao guo geng hao ,ji yuan yin ke neng shi RCuPOwei jie jing liang hao de wei mi bang ,neng gou ru tan qian wei yi yang di gao ju ge wu ji ti de la shen jiang du 。（3）xiang jiao yu hong xiang jia re gu hua ,shi yong guang re jia re fang shi gu hua ,ke yi ling PDMS-CuPOfu ge cai liao de la shen jiang du de dao xian zhe di sheng 。sao miao dian jing guan cha RCuPO-PDMSfu ge cai liao la duan yang pin de duan mian ,fa xian hong xiang jia re gu hua yang pin de la shen duan mian you hen duo bang zhuang lin suan tong cong ji ti zhong tuo chu ,ju bang biao mian guang hua ,mo ji ti jiao liao fu zhao ,shui ming RCuPOyu PDMSji ti zhi jian bing wei xing cheng liang hao de jie mian jie ge 。er zai guang re gu hua RCuPO-PDMSfu ge cai liao la shen duan mian de sao miao dian jing zhao pian zhong ,jin neng guan cha dao shao liang tuo chu de bang zhuang lin suan tong ,bu jin tuo chu duan jiao duan ,ju tuo chu wu biao mian ming xian you jiao liao bao guo ,zhe chong fen shui ming guang re liu hua zhi de de fu ge wu zhong ,guang re tian liao RCuPOyu ji ti PDMSzhi jian xing cheng le liang hao de jie mian jie ge 。ji yuan yin shi you yu zai guang zhao tiao jian xia ,guang re tian liao neng gou zuo wei re yuan ,ling re liang you nei xiang wai chuan di ,lin jin tian liao de PDMSji wen du bi jiang chao guo ji ti de ping jun wen du ,liu hua cheng du geng jia wan quan ,cong er ling ji ti yu tian liao zhi jian xing cheng geng hao de jie mian jie ge 。3、lin suan tong -PDMSzi piao fu fu ge guang re mo pian zai mo ni tai yang neng hai shui dan hua zhong de ying yong zhi bei le you lin suan tong yu PDMSfu ge er cheng de zi piao fu duo kong shuang ceng guang re mo pian ,tan jiu le lin suan tong -PDMSfu ge mo pian zai jia su hai shui dan hua fang mian de ying yong 。yan jiu jie guo biao ming ,you yu RCuPObi FCuPOzai jin gong wai guang ou you geng da bo chang fan wei ji geng gao jiang du de xi shou ,yin ci ,RCuPO-PDMSfu ge mo pian neng gou geng you xiao de jia su mo ni hai shui de guang re zheng fa 。ci wai ,shuang ceng jie gou de she ji xian zhi le re liang liu dong ,geng hao de jiang re liang fu ji yu shui yu kong qi de jie mian chu ,xian zhe jia su le hai shui zheng fa 。zai gong lv mi du wei 1000W/cm2de mo ni tai yang neng guang yuan de zhao she xia ,you RCuPOzhi de de duo kong shuang ceng fu ge mo pian dui mo ni hai shui de zheng fa su lv da dao le 1331 g·m-2h-1,yu mo mo pian xiang bi ,di sheng mo ni hai shui zheng fa su lv yao 219.2%,dui mo ni tai yang guang de neng liang li yong lv gao da 83.06%。
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论文作者分别是来自青岛科技大学的侯兴龙，发表于刊物青岛科技大学2019-07-19论文，是一篇关于硅橡胶论文,磷酸铜论文,光热硫化论文,界面论文,海水淡化论文,青岛科技大学2019-07-19论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用，各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载，文章观点不代表本站观点，资料来自青岛科技大学2019-07-19论文网站，若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权，请联系我们删除。