翻译中的功能对等 ——对《艰难时世》中译本的评析

翻译中的功能对等 ——对《艰难时世》中译本的评析

论文摘要

《艰难时世》是小说家查尔斯·狄更斯的代表作,时至今日在文学界依然具有较强的影响力,仍跻身于世界文学优秀小说之列。狄更斯批判现实主义小说创作中几乎使用过的写作手法在该小说中都表现得淋漓尽致。本论文运用奈达的“功能对等”理论,对其两个中译本进行了系统的比较研究,目的在于探讨该理论对文学作品翻译的指导作用,并探求如何将翻译理论与翻译实践相结合的方法。二十世纪八十年代,我国开始对奈达的“功能对等”理论进行研究,相比以往的翻译理论,该理论具有独特的前瞻性。既不是拘泥于译文与原文的对等,也不是单纯从语言转换的角度来研究翻译,而是强调读者的主体作用,从而使译文读者和原文读者对作品的反应对等。然而,近些年来越来越多的学者开始怀疑奈达这一功能对等理论的适用范围,译界学者的态度也发生了很大的转变,由一开始的全部接受逐步发展到现在的争议颇多。从这一方面来说,研究奈达的“功能对等”理论并论证其对文学翻译的指导作用,对构建适合中国文化传统的翻译理论体系意义重大而深远。本文介绍了奈达的“功能对等”理论及其相关概念,探讨了“功能对等”理论的重要意义以及这一理论对翻译界的重要影响,并选取了《艰难时世》的中文译本,从意义对等和风格对等两个方面对《艰难时世》进行了系统的分析与研究,从而肯定“功能对等”理论对于实践的指导作用。本文作者认为,“功能对等”理论对文学翻译实践具有重大的指导作用;判断一篇译作优秀与否的标准就是译作是否在意义和风格两个方面与原作基本实现了对等。而要实现原文与译文的功能对等,译者首先要对原文有一个透彻的理解,以实现意义上的对等为目标,揭示出原文的联想意义、搭配意义、情感意义、语法意义、文化意义等语境意义;其次,译者要努力把握原文的风格特征,并在翻译过程中对原文的语言形式做适当的调整,恰当地翻译出原文的各种变异,从而在风格方面实现对等。

论文目录

  • 摘要
  • Abstract
  • Introduction
  • Chapter One Hard Times and Its Chinese Translation
  • 1.1 Introduction of the Novel and the Author
  • 1.2 Characteristics of the Novel and the Author’s Language Style
  • 1.2.1 Characteristics of the Novel
  • 1.2.2 Characteristics of the Author’s Language Style
  • 1.3 A Brief Observation of the Chinese Version
  • 1.4 A Review of the Present Studies
  • Chapter Two Nida’s Translation Theory and Functional Equivalence
  • 2.1 Nida’s Definition of Translation
  • 2.2 The Theory of Functional Equivalence
  • 2.2.1 Content of Functional Equivalence
  • 2.2.2 Varying Degrees of Functional Equivalence
  • 2.3 Readers’Importance and Isomorphs
  • 2.4 Principles for Producing Functional Equivalence
  • 2.5 The Significance of the Theory
  • Chapter Three Functional Equivalence in Meaning
  • 3.1 Definition and Classification of Meaning
  • 3.2 Functional Equivalence in Meaning in the Chinese Version
  • 3.2.1 Conceptual meaning
  • 3.2.2 Connotative meaning
  • 3.2.3 Collocative meaning
  • 3.2.4 Affective Meaning
  • 3.2.5 Grammatical Meaning
  • 3.2.6 Cultural Meaning
  • 3.3 Summary
  • Chapter Four Functional Equivalence in Style
  • 4.1 Definition of Style
  • 4.2 Functional Equivalence in Style in the Two Versions
  • 4.2.1 Deviation in Vocabulary
  • 4.2.2 Deviation in Register
  • 4.2.3 Deviation in syntactic Structure
  • 4.2.4 Deviation in Rhetorical Device
  • 4.3 Summary
  • Conclusion
  • References
  • 攻读硕士学位期间取得的学术成果
  • Acknowledgements
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    翻译中的功能对等 ——对《艰难时世》中译本的评析
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