本文主要研究内容
作者刘高云（2019）在《有机物料对紫色土溶解性有机质及水稻镉累积的影响》一文中研究指出：有机物料广泛应用于土壤改良与污染修复,施用有机物料可改变土壤有机质组分,而溶解性有机质（dissolved organic matter,DOM）是土壤有机碳中最活跃的部分。土壤DOM分子量小、迁移性大,对土壤碳循环、污染物的迁移转化及生物有效性有重要作用。水稻在生长过程中,大多处于淹水条件下,DOM对土壤Cd的迁移性和有效性影响也最为活跃。本文采用盆栽试验结合室内试验与分析,探讨有机物料对土壤溶解性有机质和水稻Cd积累的影响。首先对有机物料基本性质进行了分析表征,并研究了其对紫色土Cd吸附性能的影响,后于2017年5月至2017年10月在温室大棚进行水稻盆栽试验,在不同外源Cd浓度处理下,通过分析对照组（CK）及施加猪粪堆肥（PM）、腐殖土（HM）、污泥堆肥（CS）对水稻Cd转运与累积的影响,利用紫外-可见和荧光光谱,结合荧光区域积分法,分析和讨论了有机物料对土壤DOM组分与性质的影响,探究有机物料活性组分差异与土壤有机碳组成和性质、水稻Cd含量之间的相互关系。结果表明:（1）三种有机物料的活性功能基团种类相似,但其含量和比例随有机物料的种类不同而存在较大差异。三种有机物料之间具有相似的特征吸收峰,但不同吸收峰的吸收强度存在显著差异。其中有机物料含氧官能团含量和极性大小顺序均为HM>CS>PM,腐殖化程度高低顺序为PM>HM>CS。（2）有机物料会影响紫色土对Cd的吸附量和吸附强度。Langmuir方程可以更好的拟合PM、HM、CS存在下紫色土对镉的吸附等温线,添加PM后紫色土对Cd的最大吸附量qmax为539.40 mg?kg-1,较对照组降低了21.50 mg?kg-1,添加CS后紫色土对Cd最大吸附量qmax为576.46mg?kg-1,较对照组增加了15.56 mg?kg-1;且添加PM与HM会增加紫色土对Cd的吸附强度,降低Cd的解吸量,而添加CS会降低紫色土对Cd的吸附强度,增加Cd的解吸量。Elovich方程（logqt=log a+b log t）可以更好的拟合,添加有机物料后紫色土对Cd吸附动力学曲线,添加CS后紫色土对Cd的反应瞬间吸附量a值为350.51mg/kg,较对照组增加了107.67mg/kg,添加三种有机物料后,紫色土对Cd吸附量随时间增加速率均降低,添加CS的紫色土降低速率最大,b值为31.73mg/（kg?min）,较对照组降低了21.27mg/（kg?min）,添加PM的处理最先达到吸附平衡,添加HM的处理达到吸附平衡最慢。（3）供试三种有机物料均有利于缓解Cd污染土壤对水稻的生长毒害作用,水稻株高、有效穗、叶面积、千粒重和单株产量均有显著增加,有机物料抑制水稻籽粒Cd累积途径包括减少根系对Cd的吸收、抑制根系Cd向茎叶的转运以及茎叶向籽粒的转运。相同Cd污染水平下,施用有机物料的处理Cd富集系数、转运系数均明显低于未施用有机物料的对照处理。且对水稻籽粒Cd的累积影响与有机物料种类性质及土壤Cd污染程度有关。在土壤Cd浓度超过GB15618-2018风险筛选值,约为2mg?kg-1时,以含氧官能团丰富、极性大的腐殖土效果最好,可使水稻籽粒Cd含量达到GB 2762-2017食品安全国家标准。当土壤Cd浓度超过风险管制值,约为10mg?kg-1时,仅施加猪粪堆肥后水稻籽粒Cd含量降低,但仍达不到食品安全国家标准,建议联合其他控制措施实现水稻镉污染控制。（4）添加有机物料后,会增加土壤外源有机质和DOC含量,其中DOC的分子量小,活性强,易于土壤中Cd吸附结合,增加土壤交换态Cd含量,而土壤有机质可与Cd形成稳定性更高的络合物,促进残渣态Cd的形成。相关性分析表明土壤交换态Cd与土壤DOC呈显著正相关关系,与土壤有机质呈极显著负相关关系;残渣态Cd与土壤有机质呈显著正相关关系。有机物料降低土壤交换态和铁锰氧化结合态Cd含量,是影响水稻籽粒Cd累积的关键性因素。施用有机物料可以增加土壤有机质含量,土壤有机质会降低土壤交换态和铁锰氧化结合态Cd含量,使水稻根Cd累积显著降低,而水稻根Cd含量与水稻籽粒及叶的Cd含量极显著正相关。（5）土壤Cd污染会降低土壤DOM的芳香性(SUVA254),添加有机物料可以显著提高DOM的芳香性、疏水性(SUVA260)和腐殖化程度（HIX）,而DOM的腐殖化指数（HIX）与土壤总Cd及有效Cd含量呈显著正相关关系,说明在土壤外源Cd浓度较高时,会抑制作物和微生物活动,促进DOM表现出腐殖化特征。添加有机物料后,土壤DOM中检测到类腐殖质荧光峰A和峰C,以及类酪氨酸峰B和类色氨酸峰T。其中土壤DOM中类色氨酸峰（峰T）可作为反映施加有机物料后土壤Cd污染状况的敏感指标,外源Cd浓度的增加,会刺激微生物降解过程中优先降解类色氨酸峰T,促进DOM峰T的降解以及峰B释放,使DOM中类色氨酸峰（峰T）显著降低。（6）紫色土交换态镉与DOM的Peak T呈极显著负相关关系,与Fn（355）、HIX呈显著正相关关系;碳酸盐结合态镉也与DOM的Peak T呈极显著负相关关系,与HIX呈显著正相关关系;铁锰氧化铁镉与DOM的Peak T、SUVA260呈显著负相关关系,与Fn（355）、HIX呈显著正相关关系;残渣态镉与DOM的Peak T呈极显著正相关关系,与HIX呈显著负相关关系,且土壤有效Cd含量与DOM中FDOM的含量呈显著正相关关系。说明土壤DOM对于土壤镉形态转化起着重要作用,当土壤DOM的类色氨酸含量较高、腐殖化程度较高时,会促进土壤高活性态镉（交换态、碳酸盐结合态和铁锰氧化铁镉）向低活性态（残渣态镉）转化,抑制镉在土壤中的活性,从而影响水稻根系对土壤镉的吸收,改变水稻对镉的吸收转运能力。
Abstract
you ji wu liao an fan ying yong yu tu rang gai liang yu wu ran xiu fu ,shi yong you ji wu liao ke gai bian tu rang you ji zhi zu fen ,er rong jie xing you ji zhi （dissolved organic matter,DOM）shi tu rang you ji tan zhong zui huo yue de bu fen 。tu rang DOMfen zi liang xiao 、qian yi xing da ,dui tu rang tan xun huan 、wu ran wu de qian yi zhuai hua ji sheng wu you xiao xing you chong yao zuo yong 。shui dao zai sheng chang guo cheng zhong ,da duo chu yu yan shui tiao jian xia ,DOMdui tu rang Cdde qian yi xing he you xiao xing ying xiang ye zui wei huo yue 。ben wen cai yong pen zai shi yan jie ge shi nei shi yan yu fen xi ,tan tao you ji wu liao dui tu rang rong jie xing you ji zhi he shui dao Cdji lei de ying xiang 。shou xian dui you ji wu liao ji ben xing zhi jin hang le fen xi biao zheng ,bing yan jiu le ji dui zi se tu Cdxi fu xing neng de ying xiang ,hou yu 2017nian 5yue zhi 2017nian 10yue zai wen shi da peng jin hang shui dao pen zai shi yan ,zai bu tong wai yuan Cdnong du chu li xia ,tong guo fen xi dui zhao zu （CK）ji shi jia zhu fen dui fei （PM）、fu shi tu （HM）、wu ni dui fei （CS）dui shui dao Cdzhuai yun yu lei ji de ying xiang ,li yong zi wai -ke jian he ying guang guang pu ,jie ge ying guang ou yu ji fen fa ,fen xi he tao lun le you ji wu liao dui tu rang DOMzu fen yu xing zhi de ying xiang ,tan jiu you ji wu liao huo xing zu fen cha yi yu tu rang you ji tan zu cheng he xing zhi 、shui dao Cdhan liang zhi jian de xiang hu guan ji 。jie guo biao ming :（1）san chong you ji wu liao de huo xing gong neng ji tuan chong lei xiang shi ,dan ji han liang he bi li sui you ji wu liao de chong lei bu tong er cun zai jiao da cha yi 。san chong you ji wu liao zhi jian ju you xiang shi de te zheng xi shou feng ,dan bu tong xi shou feng de xi shou jiang du cun zai xian zhe cha yi 。ji zhong you ji wu liao han yang guan neng tuan han liang he ji xing da xiao shun xu jun wei HM>CS>PM,fu shi hua cheng du gao di shun xu wei PM>HM>CS。（2）you ji wu liao hui ying xiang zi se tu dui Cdde xi fu liang he xi fu jiang du 。Langmuirfang cheng ke yi geng hao de ni ge PM、HM、CScun zai xia zi se tu dui ge de xi fu deng wen xian ,tian jia PMhou zi se tu dui Cdde zui da xi fu liang qmaxwei 539.40 mg?kg-1,jiao dui zhao zu jiang di le 21.50 mg?kg-1,tian jia CShou zi se tu dui Cdzui da xi fu liang qmaxwei 576.46mg?kg-1,jiao dui zhao zu zeng jia le 15.56 mg?kg-1;ju tian jia PMyu HMhui zeng jia zi se tu dui Cdde xi fu jiang du ,jiang di Cdde jie xi liang ,er tian jia CShui jiang di zi se tu dui Cdde xi fu jiang du ,zeng jia Cdde jie xi liang 。Elovichfang cheng （logqt=log a+b log t）ke yi geng hao de ni ge ,tian jia you ji wu liao hou zi se tu dui Cdxi fu dong li xue qu xian ,tian jia CShou zi se tu dui Cdde fan ying shun jian xi fu liang azhi wei 350.51mg/kg,jiao dui zhao zu zeng jia le 107.67mg/kg,tian jia san chong you ji wu liao hou ,zi se tu dui Cdxi fu liang sui shi jian zeng jia su lv jun jiang di ,tian jia CSde zi se tu jiang di su lv zui da ,bzhi wei 31.73mg/（kg?min）,jiao dui zhao zu jiang di le 21.27mg/（kg?min）,tian jia PMde chu li zui xian da dao xi fu ping heng ,tian jia HMde chu li da dao xi fu ping heng zui man 。（3）gong shi san chong you ji wu liao jun you li yu huan jie Cdwu ran tu rang dui shui dao de sheng chang du hai zuo yong ,shui dao zhu gao 、you xiao sui 、xie mian ji 、qian li chong he chan zhu chan liang jun you xian zhe zeng jia ,you ji wu liao yi zhi shui dao zi li Cdlei ji tu jing bao gua jian shao gen ji dui Cdde xi shou 、yi zhi gen ji Cdxiang jing xie de zhuai yun yi ji jing xie xiang zi li de zhuai yun 。xiang tong Cdwu ran shui ping xia ,shi yong you ji wu liao de chu li Cdfu ji ji shu 、zhuai yun ji shu jun ming xian di yu wei shi yong you ji wu liao de dui zhao chu li 。ju dui shui dao zi li Cdde lei ji ying xiang yu you ji wu liao chong lei xing zhi ji tu rang Cdwu ran cheng du you guan 。zai tu rang Cdnong du chao guo GB15618-2018feng xian shai shua zhi ,yao wei 2mg?kg-1shi ,yi han yang guan neng tuan feng fu 、ji xing da de fu shi tu xiao guo zui hao ,ke shi shui dao zi li Cdhan liang da dao GB 2762-2017shi pin an quan guo jia biao zhun 。dang tu rang Cdnong du chao guo feng xian guan zhi zhi ,yao wei 10mg?kg-1shi ,jin shi jia zhu fen dui fei hou shui dao zi li Cdhan liang jiang di ,dan reng da bu dao shi pin an quan guo jia biao zhun ,jian yi lian ge ji ta kong zhi cuo shi shi xian shui dao ge wu ran kong zhi 。（4）tian jia you ji wu liao hou ,hui zeng jia tu rang wai yuan you ji zhi he DOChan liang ,ji zhong DOCde fen zi liang xiao ,huo xing jiang ,yi yu tu rang zhong Cdxi fu jie ge ,zeng jia tu rang jiao huan tai Cdhan liang ,er tu rang you ji zhi ke yu Cdxing cheng wen ding xing geng gao de lao ge wu ,cu jin can zha tai Cdde xing cheng 。xiang guan xing fen xi biao ming tu rang jiao huan tai Cdyu tu rang DOCcheng xian zhe zheng xiang guan guan ji ,yu tu rang you ji zhi cheng ji xian zhe fu xiang guan guan ji ;can zha tai Cdyu tu rang you ji zhi cheng xian zhe zheng xiang guan guan ji 。you ji wu liao jiang di tu rang jiao huan tai he tie meng yang hua jie ge tai Cdhan liang ,shi ying xiang shui dao zi li Cdlei ji de guan jian xing yin su 。shi yong you ji wu liao ke yi zeng jia tu rang you ji zhi han liang ,tu rang you ji zhi hui jiang di tu rang jiao huan tai he tie meng yang hua jie ge tai Cdhan liang ,shi shui dao gen Cdlei ji xian zhe jiang di ,er shui dao gen Cdhan liang yu shui dao zi li ji xie de Cdhan liang ji xian zhe zheng xiang guan 。（5）tu rang Cdwu ran hui jiang di tu rang DOMde fang xiang xing (SUVA254),tian jia you ji wu liao ke yi xian zhe di gao DOMde fang xiang xing 、shu shui xing (SUVA260)he fu shi hua cheng du （HIX）,er DOMde fu shi hua zhi shu （HIX）yu tu rang zong Cdji you xiao Cdhan liang cheng xian zhe zheng xiang guan guan ji ,shui ming zai tu rang wai yuan Cdnong du jiao gao shi ,hui yi zhi zuo wu he wei sheng wu huo dong ,cu jin DOMbiao xian chu fu shi hua te zheng 。tian jia you ji wu liao hou ,tu rang DOMzhong jian ce dao lei fu shi zhi ying guang feng Ahe feng C,yi ji lei lao an suan feng Bhe lei se an suan feng T。ji zhong tu rang DOMzhong lei se an suan feng （feng T）ke zuo wei fan ying shi jia you ji wu liao hou tu rang Cdwu ran zhuang kuang de min gan zhi biao ,wai yuan Cdnong du de zeng jia ,hui ci ji wei sheng wu jiang jie guo cheng zhong you xian jiang jie lei se an suan feng T,cu jin DOMfeng Tde jiang jie yi ji feng Bshi fang ,shi DOMzhong lei se an suan feng （feng T）xian zhe jiang di 。（6）zi se tu jiao huan tai ge yu DOMde Peak Tcheng ji xian zhe fu xiang guan guan ji ,yu Fn（355）、HIXcheng xian zhe zheng xiang guan guan ji ;tan suan yan jie ge tai ge ye yu DOMde Peak Tcheng ji xian zhe fu xiang guan guan ji ,yu HIXcheng xian zhe zheng xiang guan guan ji ;tie meng yang hua tie ge yu DOMde Peak T、SUVA260cheng xian zhe fu xiang guan guan ji ,yu Fn（355）、HIXcheng xian zhe zheng xiang guan guan ji ;can zha tai ge yu DOMde Peak Tcheng ji xian zhe zheng xiang guan guan ji ,yu HIXcheng xian zhe fu xiang guan guan ji ,ju tu rang you xiao Cdhan liang yu DOMzhong FDOMde han liang cheng xian zhe zheng xiang guan guan ji 。shui ming tu rang DOMdui yu tu rang ge xing tai zhuai hua qi zhao chong yao zuo yong ,dang tu rang DOMde lei se an suan han liang jiao gao 、fu shi hua cheng du jiao gao shi ,hui cu jin tu rang gao huo xing tai ge （jiao huan tai 、tan suan yan jie ge tai he tie meng yang hua tie ge ）xiang di huo xing tai （can zha tai ge ）zhuai hua ,yi zhi ge zai tu rang zhong de huo xing ,cong er ying xiang shui dao gen ji dui tu rang ge de xi shou ,gai bian shui dao dui ge de xi shou zhuai yun neng li 。
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论文作者分别是来自西南大学的刘高云，发表于刊物西南大学2019-09-24论文，是一篇关于有机物料论文,污染论文,水稻论文,赋存形态论文,吸收三维荧光光谱论文,西南大学2019-09-24论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用，各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载，文章观点不代表本站观点，资料来自西南大学2019-09-24论文网站，若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权，请联系我们删除。
标签：有机物料论文; 污染论文; 水稻论文; 赋存形态论文; 吸收三维荧光光谱论文; 西南大学2019-09-24论文;