水体Cu～（2+）对罗氏沼虾（Macrobrachium rosenbergii）毒性作用机制的研究

论文摘要

The giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii, is one of the most important crustaceans cultured commercially in mainland China and other Pacific Rim countries. In recent years, chemical treatment for maintaining optimal water quality has gained attention because farmers use antiviral and antibacterial chemicals to prevent vibriosis and several diseases. Copper sulfate is one of the chemicals that are commonly applied to shrimp ponds to eradicate filamentous algae. The application of copper sulfate in ponds is also very effective in reducing the abundance of Microcystis and other blue-green algae. The application rate of copper sulfate varies from 0.025 to 2 mg/1 and is directly related to total alkalinity. However, farmers often use an excess amount of copper sulfate in shrimp pond management. As a result, the growth and survival rate of animals decrease significantly, and accordingly, the pond management cost tends to increase year by year. As Cu2+ pollution can be a potential limiting factor to the crustacean culture, studies on its influence on M. roenbergii are of great significance in establishing scientific methods for safe aquaculture.Copper (Cu2+) is one of the most important nutrient elements in crustaceans, which is essential to the production of hemocyanin. It also plays indispensable roles in a large number of enzymes when they are functioning. Crustacean tissues are able to accumulate copper in accordance with the external copper concentrations. However, if an excess dose of copper is used, the toxicity of copper also has significant implications for the affected proteins that require copper proteins as an integral part of their structures. This toxicity is reflected at the molecular, cellular, and tissue levels in , affected individuals. Presently, there are several reports on the mechanism of the toxic effects of water-borne copper on crustaceans, but they are mainly related to the evaluation of LC50. Therefore, there is a paucity of information concerning copper-induced damages in the principal tissues of the giant freshwater prawn M rosenbergii.In our present study, the juvenile giant freshwater prawn M. rosenbergii was selected as experimental animals and the effects of water-borne copper on M. rosenbergii have been conducted by use of morphologic, physiologic, biochemical, methods. Meanwhile, electric microscopic, biochemical enzymes and trace element analysis were also used for measurement. Our study aims at clarifying the mechanism of toxic effects of copper on M. rosenbergii and our results are bound to have both

论文目录

• 中文摘要
• 英文摘要
• 第一章 水体中的重金属对甲壳动物的毒性作用研究概况
• 第一节 重金属对甲壳动物的毒性影响
• 第二节 本研究的背景、目的和意义
• 2+对罗氏沼虾急性及亚急性毒性试验'>第二章 水体Cu²⁺对罗氏沼虾急性及亚急性毒性试验
• 2+对罗氏沼虾细胞和组织器官的影响'>第三章 水体Cu²⁺对罗氏沼虾细胞和组织器官的影响
• 2+对罗氏沼虾鳃显微和超微结构的影响'>第一节 水体Cu²⁺对罗氏沼虾鳃显微和超微结构的影响
• 2+对罗氏沼虾肝胰腺显微和超微结构的影响'>第二节 水体Cu²⁺对罗氏沼虾肝胰腺显微和超微结构的影响
• 2+对罗氏沼虾生化酶和金属硫蛋白的影响'>第四章 水体Cu²⁺对罗氏沼虾生化酶和金属硫蛋白的影响
• 2+在罗氏沼虾体内积累和分布特征'>第一节 水体Cu²⁺在罗氏沼虾体内积累和分布特征
• 2+对罗氏沼虾肝胰腺消化酶活性的影响'>第二节 水体Cu²⁺对罗氏沼虾肝胰腺消化酶活性的影响
• 2+对罗氏沼虾肝胰腺代谢酶活性的影响'>第三节 水体Cu²⁺对罗氏沼虾肝胰腺代谢酶活性的影响
• 2+对罗氏沼虾鳃同工酶的影响'>第四节 水体cu²⁺对罗氏沼虾鳃同工酶的影响
• 2+对罗氏沼虾肝胰腺MT合成的影响'>第五节 水体Cu²⁺对罗氏沼虾肝胰腺MT合成的影响
• 总结
• 附录
• 参考文献
• 致谢