英汉人体名词转动的认知研究

英汉人体名词转动的认知研究

论文摘要

本文以Fauconnier. G. & M. Turner(1995,1998,2002)为代表的概念整合理论为理论视点,结合理念化认知模型的基本论断,探求人体名词转动的主要辨认模式,重点揭示其意义构建过程。全文通过观察法与内省法,对英汉人体名词转动进行定性研究,探讨其整合的认知构建过程,重在求同。研究数据来源于自建语料库。语料主要来自牛津高阶英汉双解词典、英汉大辞典、现代汉语词典、《飘》、《绝望的主妇》和谷歌网。本研究拟解决以下问题:1)人体名词转动的主要认知模式有哪几种?2)人体名词转动的意义是如何构建的?3)人体名词转动的隐转喻共存认知模式分为几种类型,其生成过程伴随哪些特征?4)英汉人体名词转动认知模式的主要共通之处是什么?经过讨论分析,我们发现,人体名词的“形貌、位置、功能”三种语义取象特征是人体名转动的主要触发机制,为人体名词转动的意象、隐喻、转喻、隐转喻共存四种辨认模式提供认知理据,从幕后促发了人体名词域与动作域的映射连接与整合。人体名词转动意义构建中,三种意象特征从始源域到目标域的传递与突显,隐喻、转喻、隐转喻互动认知模式的交相辉映,表明人体名词转动本质上是认知主体基于人体名词某一外在特征或内在属性部分的有选择的跨空间映射互动合成过程,是人体名词强势语义意象特征的突显过程,也是认知主体基于体验性对始源域和目标域相似性或相关性的寻求过程。同时,我们注意到英汉人体名词转动两者都是基于认知主体与外界的互动,是一个动态的概念整合过程,可以通过本文的四种辨认模式进行在线的意义建构。但由于不同的思维习惯、文化模式及不同的语言内部结构,英语人体名词转动比汉语更普遍,汉语人体名词直接转动主要体现在古汉语方面,现代汉语一般以联绵词形式出现。研究结果有望对人体名词词性转换的相关研究提供一个崭新的视角和研究方法,人体名词转动的四种认知模式有利于促进生动、有趣、有效的英汉语词汇教学。

论文目录

  • 摘要
  • Abstract
  • 1 Introduction
  • 1.1 Human Body Words
  • 1.2 Human Body Words’Noun-Verb Shift
  • 1.3 Research Background and Research Goals
  • 1.4 Research Hypothesis and Research Methodology
  • 1.5 Layout of the Thesis
  • 2 A Review of Previous Literature on N-V Shift
  • 2.1 Syntactic Approach
  • 2.2 Semantic Approach
  • 2.3 Pragmatic Approach
  • 2.4 Cognitive Approach
  • 2.5 Other Related Approaches
  • 2.6 Summary
  • 3 Theoretical Background
  • 3.1 Idealized Cognitive Model
  • 3.2 Conceptual Blending Theory
  • 3.2.1 Mental Space
  • 3.2.2 Constitutive Principle
  • 3.2.3 Conceptual Blending and Human Body Words’N-V Shift
  • 3.3 Summary
  • 4 Cognitive Identifications of Human body Words’N-V Shift
  • 4.1 Mental Imagery Identification
  • 4.2 Metaphor Identification
  • 4.3 Metonymy Identification
  • 4.4 Metaphor-Metonymy Interaction Identification
  • 4.5 Summary
  • 5 Cognitive Constructions of Human Body Words’N-V Shift
  • 5.1 Imagery Cognitive Construction of Human Body Words’N-V Shift
  • 5.1.1 Based on Prototype Image
  • 5.1.2 Based on Mental Image
  • 5.1.3 Generative Mechanism
  • 5.2 Metaphorical Cognitive Construction of Human Body Words’N-V Shift
  • 5.2.1 Based on Shape Similarity
  • 5.2.2 Based on Position Similarity
  • 5.2.3 Based on Function Similarity
  • 5.2.4 Generative Mechanism
  • 5.3 Metonymic Cognitive Construction of Human Body Words’N-V Shift
  • 5.3.1 Based on Salience
  • 5.3.2 Generative Mechanism
  • 5.4 Metaphor-Metonymy Coexistence Cognitive Construction of Human Body Words’N-V Shift
  • 5.4.1 Based on Interaction between Image, Similarity and Salience
  • 5.4.2 Subtypes of Metaphor-Metonymy Coexistence
  • 5.4.3 Generative Mechanism
  • 5.5 Summary and Discussion
  • 6 Conclusion
  • 6.1 Summary of Major findings
  • 6.2 Theoretical and Practical Implications
  • 6.3 Limitations and Suggestions
  • References
  • Appendix
  • Academic Achievements
  • Acknowledgements
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    英汉人体名词转动的认知研究
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