本文主要研究内容
作者王昌达（2019）在《二维层状电化学能源材料的同步辐射X射线谱学研究》一文中研究指出：伴随着社会可持续发展的进程,人们对于清洁能源的认识和需求逐步加深,进而对于绿色能源的存储和应用提出了更高的要求。尤其是动力电动汽车的全球化发展使得高能量密度,高功率密度和长循环稳定性的电化学储能器件成为万众瞩目的焦点。二维层状材料依靠其突出的层状结构和优异的物理化学性质为新能源的高效存储打开了突破口。与此同时,同步辐射光源与先进表征技术已成为前沿基础科学和国家战略核心技术的重大实验研究平台。本论文聚焦在二维层状能源材料的精准调控和精细表征,特别是通过多维度有效复合和原子共价插层的策略,利用同步辐射X射线原位/非原位谱学手段,对二维能源材料的结构演化和储能机理进行深入研究。相关结果为新型电化学能源材料的理性设计、结构调控、精细表征和未来应用提供了实验基础和参考。本论文开展的主要研究内容和取得的研究成果如下:1.通过水热方法将二维石墨烯(GO)、一维多壁碳纳米管(MWCNT)和零维碳纳米洋葱(OLC)组装成三维全碳复合材料,验证了多维度协同效应对双电层超级电容器性能的优化作用。同步辐射X射线吸收谱(XAS)结果表明,GO在水热反应过程中会发生重新堆叠,恰当比例的MWCNT和OLC的引入可以显著改善GO气凝胶的结构,使得全碳复合材料具有丰富的孔结构和出众的导电网络,最终表现出优异的储能行为:在1 A g-1的电流密度下获得约329 F g-f的容量,兼具高电流密度200 A g-f下超快的充放电速率和高达15000圈的循环稳定性能。这种具有多重协同效应的多维度复合策略和同步辐射精细表征手段可以为超快电化学储能的新材料设计和机理理解提供实验基础。2.发展一种膜辅助真空抽滤的方法,制备出碳纳米洋葱负载的二维层状石墨烯/硫化镍复合电极(GCNi3S2),实现了具有柔性的对称固态超级电容器(ASSSCs)和微型电容器(MSCs)的组装测试。同步辐射X射线吸收精细结构(XAFS)表征揭示了电子从碳原子到镍原子的转移,解释了低维材料之间的紧密界面对复合电极材料赝电容性能的促进作用。基于复合电极组装的柔性固态电容器表现出优异的循环稳定性、55.3 F cn-3的体积比容量和3.63 Wh cm-3的能量密度。这种膜辅助真空抽滤方法和同步辐射谱学解析微结构手段可以为多功能柔性电极的制备和固态电化学储能器件的应用提供实验基础。3.发展HF刻蚀和金属阳离子插层工艺,制备出层间距可调的二维层状碳化钒(V2C MXene)及其插层材料,获得了具有优异储锂比容量的新型MXene-基层状电极。同步辐射XAFS表征结果表明,插层的钴离子在层间通过V-O-Co键与V2C层结合,揭示了高储锂比容量(0.1 A g-1时1117.3 mA h g-1)和15000圈超长循环稳定性的来源。此外,XAFS拟合进一步证实了二价钴离子主要存在于V2C内部层间,三价钴离子主要存在于近表面的层间,并表现出+2.12的平均化合价。这种层间调控工艺和同步辐射谱学分析方法可以为二维层状MXene应用于高性能储锂及相关能源应用提供研究思路。4.设计同步光源在线电化学测试装置,利用原位同步辐射X射线谱学技术,揭示了金属阳离子插层的二维层状V2C MXene动态储锂机理。非原位X射线衍射结果表明,四价锡离子插层碳化钒(V2C@Sn)的层间距会伴随着锂离子的嵌入脱出而发生可逆的增大和收缩。静态同步辐射XAS证实了氧官能团为里离子在V2C@Sn中的储存提供了积极贡献,而氟功能团则表现出电化学惰性。结合原位拉曼光谱,原位同步辐射XAFS揭示出在充放电的过程中,钒元素的化合价在+2.66到+2.75之间变化,锡元素的化合价在+3.35到+3.42之间变化,从而揭示了 V2C@Sn储锂性能的来源。这种同步辐射在线原位方法可以为理解层状能源材料的动态存储机制提供有效的研究手段。
Abstract
ban sui zhao she hui ke chi xu fa zhan de jin cheng ,ren men dui yu qing jie neng yuan de ren shi he xu qiu zhu bu jia shen ,jin er dui yu lu se neng yuan de cun chu he ying yong di chu le geng gao de yao qiu 。you ji shi dong li dian dong qi che de quan qiu hua fa zhan shi de gao neng liang mi du ,gao gong lv mi du he chang xun huan wen ding xing de dian hua xue chu neng qi jian cheng wei mo zhong zhu mu de jiao dian 。er wei ceng zhuang cai liao yi kao ji tu chu de ceng zhuang jie gou he you yi de wu li hua xue xing zhi wei xin neng yuan de gao xiao cun chu da kai le tu po kou 。yu ci tong shi ,tong bu fu she guang yuan yu xian jin biao zheng ji shu yi cheng wei qian yan ji chu ke xue he guo jia zhan lve he xin ji shu de chong da shi yan yan jiu ping tai 。ben lun wen ju jiao zai er wei ceng zhuang neng yuan cai liao de jing zhun diao kong he jing xi biao zheng ,te bie shi tong guo duo wei du you xiao fu ge he yuan zi gong jia cha ceng de ce lve ,li yong tong bu fu she Xshe xian yuan wei /fei yuan wei pu xue shou duan ,dui er wei neng yuan cai liao de jie gou yan hua he chu neng ji li jin hang shen ru yan jiu 。xiang guan jie guo wei xin xing dian hua xue neng yuan cai liao de li xing she ji 、jie gou diao kong 、jing xi biao zheng he wei lai ying yong di gong le shi yan ji chu he can kao 。ben lun wen kai zhan de zhu yao yan jiu nei rong he qu de de yan jiu cheng guo ru xia :1.tong guo shui re fang fa jiang er wei dan mo xi (GO)、yi wei duo bi tan na mi guan (MWCNT)he ling wei tan na mi xiang cong (OLC)zu zhuang cheng san wei quan tan fu ge cai liao ,yan zheng le duo wei du xie tong xiao ying dui shuang dian ceng chao ji dian rong qi xing neng de you hua zuo yong 。tong bu fu she Xshe xian xi shou pu (XAS)jie guo biao ming ,GOzai shui re fan ying guo cheng zhong hui fa sheng chong xin dui die ,qia dang bi li de MWCNThe OLCde yin ru ke yi xian zhe gai shan GOqi ning jiao de jie gou ,shi de quan tan fu ge cai liao ju you feng fu de kong jie gou he chu zhong de dao dian wang lao ,zui zhong biao xian chu you yi de chu neng hang wei :zai 1 A g-1de dian liu mi du xia huo de yao 329 F g-fde rong liang ,jian ju gao dian liu mi du 200 A g-fxia chao kuai de chong fang dian su lv he gao da 15000juan de xun huan wen ding xing neng 。zhe chong ju you duo chong xie tong xiao ying de duo wei du fu ge ce lve he tong bu fu she jing xi biao zheng shou duan ke yi wei chao kuai dian hua xue chu neng de xin cai liao she ji he ji li li jie di gong shi yan ji chu 。2.fa zhan yi chong mo fu zhu zhen kong chou lv de fang fa ,zhi bei chu tan na mi xiang cong fu zai de er wei ceng zhuang dan mo xi /liu hua nie fu ge dian ji (GCNi3S2),shi xian le ju you rou xing de dui chen gu tai chao ji dian rong qi (ASSSCs)he wei xing dian rong qi (MSCs)de zu zhuang ce shi 。tong bu fu she Xshe xian xi shou jing xi jie gou (XAFS)biao zheng jie shi le dian zi cong tan yuan zi dao nie yuan zi de zhuai yi ,jie shi le di wei cai liao zhi jian de jin mi jie mian dui fu ge dian ji cai liao yan dian rong xing neng de cu jin zuo yong 。ji yu fu ge dian ji zu zhuang de rou xing gu tai dian rong qi biao xian chu you yi de xun huan wen ding xing 、55.3 F cn-3de ti ji bi rong liang he 3.63 Wh cm-3de neng liang mi du 。zhe chong mo fu zhu zhen kong chou lv fang fa he tong bu fu she pu xue jie xi wei jie gou shou duan ke yi wei duo gong neng rou xing dian ji de zhi bei he gu tai dian hua xue chu neng qi jian de ying yong di gong shi yan ji chu 。3.fa zhan HFke shi he jin shu yang li zi cha ceng gong yi ,zhi bei chu ceng jian ju ke diao de er wei ceng zhuang tan hua fan (V2C MXene)ji ji cha ceng cai liao ,huo de le ju you you yi chu li bi rong liang de xin xing MXene-ji ceng zhuang dian ji 。tong bu fu she XAFSbiao zheng jie guo biao ming ,cha ceng de gu li zi zai ceng jian tong guo V-O-Cojian yu V2Cceng jie ge ,jie shi le gao chu li bi rong liang (0.1 A g-1shi 1117.3 mA h g-1)he 15000juan chao chang xun huan wen ding xing de lai yuan 。ci wai ,XAFSni ge jin yi bu zheng shi le er jia gu li zi zhu yao cun zai yu V2Cnei bu ceng jian ,san jia gu li zi zhu yao cun zai yu jin biao mian de ceng jian ,bing biao xian chu +2.12de ping jun hua ge jia 。zhe chong ceng jian diao kong gong yi he tong bu fu she pu xue fen xi fang fa ke yi wei er wei ceng zhuang MXeneying yong yu gao xing neng chu li ji xiang guan neng yuan ying yong di gong yan jiu sai lu 。4.she ji tong bu guang yuan zai xian dian hua xue ce shi zhuang zhi ,li yong yuan wei tong bu fu she Xshe xian pu xue ji shu ,jie shi le jin shu yang li zi cha ceng de er wei ceng zhuang V2C MXenedong tai chu li ji li 。fei yuan wei Xshe xian yan she jie guo biao ming ,si jia xi li zi cha ceng tan hua fan (V2C@Sn)de ceng jian ju hui ban sui zhao li li zi de qian ru tuo chu er fa sheng ke ni de zeng da he shou su 。jing tai tong bu fu she XASzheng shi le yang guan neng tuan wei li li zi zai V2C@Snzhong de chu cun di gong le ji ji gong suo ,er fu gong neng tuan ze biao xian chu dian hua xue duo xing 。jie ge yuan wei la man guang pu ,yuan wei tong bu fu she XAFSjie shi chu zai chong fang dian de guo cheng zhong ,fan yuan su de hua ge jia zai +2.66dao +2.75zhi jian bian hua ,xi yuan su de hua ge jia zai +3.35dao +3.42zhi jian bian hua ,cong er jie shi le V2C@Snchu li xing neng de lai yuan 。zhe chong tong bu fu she zai xian yuan wei fang fa ke yi wei li jie ceng zhuang neng yuan cai liao de dong tai cun chu ji zhi di gong you xiao de yan jiu shou duan 。
论文参考文献
论文详细介绍
论文作者分别是来自中国科学技术大学的王昌达，发表于刊物中国科学技术大学2019-07-12论文，是一篇关于二维层状材料论文,超级电容器论文,锂离子电池论文,同步辐射论文,射线谱学论文,微观结构论文,动态过程论文,储能机理论文,中国科学技术大学2019-07-12论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用，各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载，文章观点不代表本站观点，资料来自中国科学技术大学2019-07-12论文网站，若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权，请联系我们删除。
标签：二维层状材料论文; 超级电容器论文; 锂离子电池论文; 同步辐射论文; 射线谱学论文; 微观结构论文; 动态过程论文; 储能机理论文; 中国科学技术大学2019-07-12论文;