主观性视角下的Because-因果复句多义性的研究

论文摘要

因果关系是自然界中和人类社会里存在着的一种普遍关系。英语中表达因果关系的手段很多,其中because-因果复句是表达因果关系的最基本、最重要的形式之一。长期以来,语言学家们主要是从传统语法视角、功能语用视角和对比分析视角探讨这个问题,但对because-因果复句的主观认知动机的考察较少。主观性是指说话者在说出一段话语时会有意或无意的表明自己对这段话语的态度,从而在话语中留下自我的印记。主观化是语言为体现这种主观性而形成相应的结构机制或经历相应的演变过程。因果复句的运用承载着使用者的主观性认识。本文试图运用主观性和主观化理论对because-因果复句语义拓展的主观动机进行认知分析。本研究首先根据言语场景介入程度的高低,将because-因果复句分为逻辑因果复句、推理因果复句和言语行为因果复句三类,然后从共时角度探讨这三类because-因果复句因主观性的渗入而引起的语义多样性的形成过程,最后分析三种because-因果复句体现的语义、句法和语用特征.通过对语言现象的分析,我们得出的结论主要有以下三点:（1）Because-因果复句的语义多样性是有其认知基础的,即概念化过程中识解方式的差异导致because-因果复句的多义性,而识解的差异又来源于言语场景在识解关系中的介入程度。（2）Because-因果复句的语义拓展的动因在于主观性。Because-因果复句识解过程中言语场景的介入程度亦能映照不同类型because-因果复句的主观性等级。各种because-因果复句的主观性构成一个连续统,主观性强弱的顺序可体现为:逻辑因果复句主观性<推理性因果复句主观性<言语行为因果复句主观性。（3）三种because-因果复句中体现的句法、语义和语用特征各有特点。

论文目录

• Acknowledgements
• Abstract
• 摘要
• Chapter One Introduction
• 1.1 Research Problems and Aims
• 1.2 Research Methodology
• 1.3 Organization of the Thesis
• Chapter Two Literature Review
• 2.1 Traditional Grammar Approach
• 2.2 Functional-pragmatic Approach
• 2.3 Contrastive Linguistics Approach
• 2.4 Cognitive Linguistics Approach
• 2.5 Other Approaches
• 2.6 Brief Evaluation
• Chapter Three Theoretical Framework
• 3.1 Langacker’s View on Subjectivity and Subjectifcation
• 3.2 Traugott’s View on Subjectivity and Subjectifcation
• 3.3 The Analytical Framework of This Research
• Chapter Four Subjectivity Encoded in Different Types of Because-CCS
• 4.1 Classification of Because-CCS
• 4.2 Subjectivity Encoded in Logical Because-CCS
• 4.3 Subjectivity Encoded in Inferential Because-CCS
• 4.4 Subjectivity Encoded in Speech Act Because-CCS
• 4.5 Subjective Gradience in Because-CCS
• 4.6 Summary
• Chapter Five Linguistic Representations of Subjectivity in Because-CCS
• 5.1 Linguistic Features in Logical Because-CCS
• 5.1.1 Semantic Feature - Direct Causal Relation
• 5.1.2 Syntactic Features in Logical Because-CCS
• 5.1.3 Pragmatic Features in Logical Because-CCS
• 5.2 Linguistic Features of Subjectivity in Inferential Because-CCS
• 5.2.1 Epistemic Raising
• 5.2.2 Semantic Relations in Inferential Because-CCS
• 5.2.3 Syntactic Features in Inferential Because-CCS
• 5.2.4 Pragmatic Features in Inferential Because-CCS
• 5.3 Linguistic Features of Subjectivity in Speech Act Because-CCS
• 5.3.1 Semantic Features in Speech Act Because-CCS
• 5.3.2 Syntactic Features in Speech Act Because-CCS
• 5.3.3 Pragmatic Features in Speech Act Because-CCS
• 5.4 Summary
• Chapter Six Conclusions
• 6.1 Major Findings of the Research
• 6.2 Theoretical Contributions of the Study
• 6.3 Limitations and Suggestions for Further Research
• Bibliography
• Appendix A
• Appendix B