从系统功能语法角度看宾馆宣传手册的人际意义

论文摘要

本文从系统功能语言学的角度出发探讨宾馆宣传手册语篇的人际意义。其功能在于建立潜在宾客和宾馆之间良好的互动关系,而这正是人际意义所研究的范围。对人际意义的研究起源于系统功能语言学提出的语言元功能,人际意义所关注的是在语言交际的过程中人们如何运用语言与受话者建立并保持交际关系,影响对方的行为,表达说话者对事物的看法,引出或改变受话者的观点(韩礼德,1994)。韩礼德提出语气和情态是在小句中实现人际意义的基本词汇语法资源。以韩礼德的人际意义框架为基础,语言学家们(马丁,1992;汤普森,2000;李战子,2002)进一步丰富扩展了对人际意义的研究。本文主要采用了汤普森(2000)的人际意义框架,从语气、情态、人称系统和评价四个方面研究人际意义在宾馆宣传手册中的实现.本文作者通过邮寄或电子邮件方式共收集了40篇国内外三星及三星级以上宾馆宣传材料,以此为语料来研究人际意义的实现。本文对语料采用定量和定性相结合的方法进行分析。本文详细研究了宾馆宣传手册语篇的人际意义是如何通过语气、情态、人称系统和评价来实现的。作者发现在宾馆宣传手册中给予信息的话语功能可以通过陈述语气实现,也可通过祈使语气和疑问语气实现;要求行动的话语功能由祈使语气实现,亦可通过陈述语气实现。宾馆宣传手册中祈使语气、疑问语气及条件从句的出现在语篇中形成了“对话”,协调双方关系。其次,通过对语料库中出现的各情态用法的描述,并对各情态形式的分布及频率的分析,作者发现文中出现最多的可能阶情态降低了陈述的断定意义。情态在宾馆宣传手册中还具备礼貌策略的功能。在人称系统的研究方面,作者首先概述了所有在语料中出现的人称代词,进而发现宾馆宣传手册中复杂的人称系统,特别是第一第二人称的联合使用及呼语转换在语篇中构建“对话”,从而更好的说服潜在宾客。作者从词汇和语法层面对评价策略进行了研究,发现评价手段在宾馆方说服宾客入住上承担着重要功能。

论文目录

• 摘要
• ABSTRACT
• Chapter 1 Introduction
• 1.1 General Statement
• 1.2 Rationale for the present research
• 1.2.1 The motivation of the present research
• 1.2.2 The reason for adopting a systemic-functional grammar approach
• 1.2.3 The significance of the present research
• 1.3 Ways to conduct the present research
• 1.3.1 Data collection
• 1.3.2 Approaches to data analysis
• 1.4 Organization of the present research
• Chapter 2 Literature Review
• 2.1 Overview
• 2.2 Definition of hotel brochure
• 2.3 Interpersonal meaning
• 2.4 Different approaches to interpersonal meaning
• 2.5 Application of systemic-functional grammar to the study of interpersonal meaning of discourse
• 2.6 Summary
• Chapter3 Theoretical Framework
• 3.1 Overview
• 3.2 Halliday's conceptual framework
• 3.3 A critical view on Halliday's framework
• 3.4 A theoretical framework for the present research
• 3.5 Summary
• Chapter4 Mood Analysis of Hotel Brochures
• 4.1 Overview
• 4.2 Theoretical background from functional grammar
• 4.2.1 Speech role
• 4.2.2 Speech functions
• 4.2.3 Speech functions and typical mood structures
• 4.2.4 Grammatical metaphor
• 4.3 Mood analysis in hotel brochures
• 4.3.1 Speech roles in hotel brochures
• 4.3.1.1 Information-giving
• 4.3.1.2 Actions-demanding
• 4.4 "dialogue" in hotel brochures
• 4.4.1 Imperative and Interrogative in hotel brochures
• 4.4.2 "If..."structure
• 4.5 Conclusion
• Chapter 5 Modality Analysis of Hotel Brochures
• 5.1 Overview
• 5.2 Theoretical background from functional grammar
• 5.2.1 Halliday's viewpoint on modality
• 5.2.2 Types of modality
• 5.2.3 Functional categorization of modal expressions
• 5.2.4 Subjective and objective modality
• 5.2.5 Values of modality expressions
• 5.3 Modality in samples
• 5.3.1 Modalization
• 5.3.1.1 Modal Auxiliaries
• 5.3.1.2 Modal adjuncts
• 5.3.2 Modulation
• 5.4 Modality as politeness strategies
• 5.4.1 Modal expressions of probability
• 5.4.2 Modal expressions of inclination
• 5.4.3 Modal expressions of obligation
• 5.5 Summary
• Chapter 6 Person System Analysis of Hotel Brochures
• 6.1 Overview
• 6.2 Person system in hotel brochures
• 6.2.1 Distribution and Frequency of the Person Pronouns in hotel brochures
• 6.2.2 The first person pronouns
• 6.2.3 The second person pronouns
• 6.2.4 The third person pronouns
• 6.3 Pronoun systems and interpersonal meaning
• 6.3.1 Interpersonal meaning of the referential switch
• 6.3.2 Interpersonal meaning created by combination of first and second person pronouns
• 6.4 Summary
• Chapter 7 Evaluation Analysis of Hotel Brochures
• 7.1 Overview
• 7.2 Evaluation
• 7.2.1 Definitionofevaluation
• 7.2.2 Parameters of evaluation
• 7.2.3 Functions of evaluation
• 7.2.4 Ways to identify evaluation
• 7.3 Evaluations in hotel brochures
• 7.3.1 Lexical and grammatical identification of evaluation in hotel brochures
• 7.3.1.1 Adjectives
• 7.3.1.2 Adverbials
• 7.3.1.3 Nouns
• 7.3.1.4 Comparatives and Superlatives
• 7.4 Functions of Evaluation in hotel brochures
• 7.5 Summary
• Chapter 8 Conclusion
• 8.1 Summary of the study
• 8.2 Implications
• 8.3 Limitation and further studies
• Acknowledgements
• References
• Appendix