论《呼啸山庄》的独白与内心独白的翻译

论文摘要

《呼啸山庄》的独白与内心独白集中体现了小说的诗意性与戏剧性,这给其翻译带来很大挑战。译者在翻译处理这一话语形式的差异性可以从梁实秋、杨苡和方平的译本中体现出来。本文旨在研究影响独白与内心独白翻译的意识形态、诗学和译者主体性等因素。三位译者的翻译活动受到译入语的不同历史时期的主流意识形态和主流诗学的限制。在二十世纪二十年代后的中国,主流意识形态主要表现为政治意识形态,主流诗学也是为政治意识形态服务。但是译者也会通过对主流意识形态和主流诗学的反抗来表现译者个人意识形态与诗学观点。除此之外,译者的教育背景、双语能力、审美经验、社会身份等主体性因素也会通过对原文的理解、译文的表达等体现出来。但是译者主体性的发挥需要在合理的范围之内,只有这样,译者才能创造出既忠实于原文但又不失艺术美的优秀译作。在意识形态、诗学与译者主体性等因素的影响下,三位译者不同程度地借助于增译、省译、改译等翻译技巧,以不同方式翻译处理了小说独白与内心独白中的修辞手法、文化词和诗意化句式等的翻译,产生了不同的语言艺术效果,从而影响到译作质量。梁实秋的译文“硬译”痕迹明显,杨苡的译文既忠实于原文同时不失原文的艺术性,方平的译文则以意译为主,误译较多。因此,本论文不仅为独白与内心独白翻译质量的评估提供了一个可操作的框架,而且,其中译者主体性的要素的考虑,也是对文化学派的改写理论三要素的补充和发展。

论文目录

• 摘要
• Abstract
• Introduction
• 0.1 Significance of the Research
• 0.2 Literature Review
• 0.2.1 Previous Research of the Rewriting Theory
• 0.2.2 Previous Research on the Translation of Wuthering Heights
• 0.3 Theoretical Framework and Organization of the Thesis
• Chapter 1 Introduction to Monologue and Interior Monologue of Wuthering Heights
• 1.1 Definitions of Monologue and Interior Monologue
• 1.2 Soliloquy-alike and Indirect Interior Monologue
• 1.3 Essential and Irreplaceable Role in Novel Writing
• Chapter 2 Combined Influence of Ideology
• 2.1 Definitions of Ideology
• 2.2 Dominant Political Ideology in the Twentieth Century and Translation’s Surrendering
• 2.2.1 War-time Dominant Political Ideology and Obscure Translation
• 2.2.2 Socialist Ideology and Domestication
• 2.2.3 Reform and Opening-Up and Unbounded Translation
• 2.3 Translators’Individual Ideologies
• 2.3.1 Revolution Independence Thinking and Domestication
• 2.3.2 Revolutionary Conviction and Expressive Translation
• 2.3.3 Humanity Position and Translation with Intensity of Feeling
• Chapter 3 Combined Influence of Poetics
• 3.1 Definition of Poetics
• 3.2 Dominant Poetics
• 3.2.1 Revolutionary Poetics and Introduction of New Expressions
• 3.2.2 Political Poetics and Literal Translation
• 3.2.3 Democratic Poetics and Diversified Expression
• 3.3 Translators’Individual Poetic Thoughts
• 3.3.1 Preference to Classic Chinese and Obscure Translation
• 3.3.2 Serious Translation Attitude and Expressive Translation
• 3.3.3 Individual Poetic Thoughts and Over-free Translation
• Chapter 4 Involvement of Translator Subjectivity
• 4.1 Translator Subjectivity as a Third Constraint
• 4.1.1 Definition of the Translator Subjectivity
• 4.1.2 Interaction among Translator Subjectivity, Ideology and Poetics
• 4.2 Translators’Appreciation of the Artistic Effect
• 4.2.1 Mystery Mountain Villa and “paoxiao shanzhuang”
• 4.2.2 Mild Treatment of the Mountain Villa and Acknowledged “huxiao shanzhuang”
• 4.2.3 Rational Understanding and the Symbolized “huxiao shanzhuang”
• 4.3 Translators’ Interpretation of Ideological Connotation and Artistic Implication
• 4.3.1 True Power and Extraordinary Artistic Feeling
• 4.3.2 Positive Image of the Novel and the Characters
• 4.3.3 Human Nature’s Development
• 4.4 Translators’Literary Creativity
• 4.4.1 Literal Translation and Half-modern-Chinese
• 4.4.2 Exact Artistic Flavor and Economical Translation
• 4.4.3 Surpassing the Bound and Over-subjectivity
• Conclusion
• Notes
• Works Cited
• Acknowledgements
• Informative Chinese Abstract
• Résuméand Publications since Entering the Program