挣扎与前行 ——生态女性主义视野下《小城畸人》和《我的安东妮亚》女性形象对比研究

论文摘要

舍伍德·安德森（Sherwood Anderson,1876-1941）和维拉·凯瑟（Willa Cather,1873-1947）两人以他们独特的创作观念和手法在美国文学史上占有特殊的地位。两位作家有感于周遭世界的不断变化,对于淹没在工业文明中的传统观念都表现出极大的留恋。虽然两位作家出生的年代和生活的年代基本上重合的,作品发表的时间也相去不远,主题内容近似,但是却很难找到对两位作家作品的文学评论,相关的书籍则是更加少见,更不用说对彼此的作品发表评论了。只有著名的文学评论家马尔科姆·布莱德伯里曾在他的书中将二位作家放置在一起进行探讨和研究。他认为二人用不同的表达方式表现了他们对逝去的乡村文明的留恋,并利用文学这一载体将美国文化的巨大变迁对人们的心理和生活方式的巨大影响真切的表达出来。正是从马尔科姆文章中得到启发,笔者试图将二位作家的作品进行比较,以揭示二位作家对社会问题的深刻思考以及对人类生存环境的深切关怀。因此将二位作家进行比较具有深远的学术意义。本文选取了在美国文学史上占据重要位置的小说,二位作家的成名作《小城畸人》和《我的安东尼亚》进行分析,笔者试图利用新兴的生态女性主义的视角来对两部作品中的女性形象进行比较,以揭示两位作家利用文学这一载体表达的对人类社会生活环境的深切关怀和对女性社会地位的关注。

论文目录

• ABSTRACT
• 摘要
• CHAPTER Ⅰ. INTRODUCTION
• A. A Brief Introduction to Sherwood Anderson and Willa Cather and Their Works
• 1. Sherwood Anderson and His Winesburg,Ohio
• 2. Willa Cather and Her My Antonia
• B .A Brief Introduction to Ecofeminism
• 1. Definition of Ecofeminism
• 2. Development of Ecofeminism
• C. Thesis Statement
• CHAPTERⅡ. THE DIFFERENCES AND SIMILIARITIES OF THE FEMALE CHARACTERS IN THE TWO NOVELS
• A. The Differences of the Female Characters in the Two Novels
• 1. Unbalanced World:Winesburg,Ohio
• a. Stifling Cement Cage:The Alienated Relationship between Women and Nature
• （1） Elizabeth Willard and Her Shabby Inn
• （2） Louise Bentley and Her Ice-old Home
• b. Voiceless World:The Alienated Relationship between Women and Men
• （1） Elizabeth Willard and Her Son
• （2） Louise Bentley and Her Husband
• 2. Harmonious World:My Antonia
• a. Beloved Land:The Harmonious Relationship between Women and Nature
• （1） Antonia and Her Orchard
• （2） Jim's Grandma and Animals
• b. Mutual Assistance:The Harmonious Relationship between Women and Men
• （1） Antonia and Jim
• （2） Lena and Her Male-friends
• B. The Similarities of the Female Characters in the Two Novels
• 1. Inferior Position in the Society
• a. Living as Marginalized Group
• b. Loss of Voice in the Society
• 2. Searching for the Release of Soul
• a. Awakening of Female Consciousness
• b. Seeking of Self-identity
• C. A Summary
• CHAPTER Ⅲ. STRUGGLING AND FORGING:ANALYSIS OF THE FEMALE CHARACTERS IN THE TWO NOVELS
• A. Self-isolated Female Characters in Anderson's Novel
• B. Brave Female Pioneers in Cather's Novel
• C. Reasons for Diverse Attitude towards Nature and Men
• 1. Different Cognitions for Gender
• 2. Influences from the Personal Experiences of Writers
• 3. Fear for the Industrialization
• D. A Summary
• CHAPTER Ⅳ. CONCLUSION
• WORK CITED
• ACKNOWLEDGMENTS