矿物—水体系的界面性质及吸附机理研究

论文摘要

矿物—水体系界面反应对水体乃至地球表层物质的循环和元素地球化学过程起着十分重要的作用,具有重要的环境意义。高岭石是土壤和沉积物中最重要的粘土矿物,也是大气、水体漂浮颗粒的主要成分,因而对大气、水体和沉积物中各种无机离子或有机分子的迁移、归宿和生物有效性有着关键性的控制作用。本文以矿物—水体系界面反应为核心内容,首先系统阐述了矿物—水体系界面反应的理论基础和反应模式,其次采用基于多位基团的无静电表面络合模式(NEM),详细研究了高岭石表面的酸碱性质以及金属离子和腐殖酸在高岭石表面的吸附行为,并采用介电谱方法探讨了高岭石悬浊液的内在物理化学性质。 本文的研究工作得到了国家自然科学基金项目《河口沉积物中矿物—腐殖质复合体结构与表面反应性研究》(NO 40373042)和广东省自然科学基金项目《珠江河口水体沉积物中矿物—腐殖质的交互作用机理研究》(NO 031504)的资助。 论文的主要研究成果如下: (1)采用多位基团的无静电表面络合模式描述了高岭石表面在不同pH条件下的质子吸附反应,并对酸碱滴定实验数据进行了非线性拟合,同时也详细探究

论文目录

• Abstract
• Chapter 1 General Introduction
• §1.1 Introduction
• §1.2 The Environmental Role of Mineral Interface Characteristics
• §1.3 Progress of the Study on Mineral Interface Characteristics
• 1.3.1 Mechanism of the Adsorption of Heavy Metal Ions on Minerals
• 1.3.2 Mechanism of the Adsorption of Humic Acids on Minerals
• 1.3.3 Mechanism of the Adsorption of Heavy Metal Ions on Mineral-Humic Acids Compound
• §1.4 The Purpose of This Work
• Reference
• Chapter 2 Theory and Model
• §2.1 Introduction
• §2.2 Function of Mineral Surface Groups
• 2.2.1 Types of Surface Function Groups
• 2.2.2 Properties of Mineral Surface
• §2.3 Adsorption/Desorption of Mineral Surface
• 2.3.1 Adsorption and Sorption
• 2.3.2 Specific Adsorption and Non-specific Adsorption
• 2.3.3 Adsorption/desorption Balance Model
• §2.4 Conclusions
• Reference
• Chapter 3 Surface Specification of Mineral-Water Interface
• §3.1 Introduction
• §3.2 Experimental
• 3.2.1 Materials and Methods
• 3.2.2 Surface Titration
• 3.2.3 Methods
• §3.3 Results and Discussion
• 3.3.1 Titration Curves
• 3.3.2 Nonlinear Regression Analysis of Titration
• 3.3.3 Interpretation of Titration Curves
• §3.4 Conclusions
• Reference
• Chapter 4 Low-Frequency Dielectric Relaxation Spectroscopy of Kaolinite Suspensions
• §4.1 Introduction
• §4.2 Experimental
• 4.2.1 Preparation of Kaolinite Suspension
• 4.2.2 Conductivity Measurement
• 4.2.3 Dielectric Measurement
• §4.3. Results and Discussion
• 4.3.1 Dielectric Relaxation Spectroscopy （DRS）
• 4.3.2 Physical Basis of DRS
• 4.3.3 Explanation of Dielectric Parameters
• §4.4 Conclusions
• References
• Chapter 5 Adsorption Behavior of Cu （II） on Kaolinite and Humic Acid on Kaolinite
• Part I Adsorption Experimental
• §5.1 For Cu （II） -Kaolinite System
• 5.1.1 Materials
• 5.1.2 Measurements
• §5.2 For Humic Acid-Kaolinite System
• 5.2.1 Materials
• 5.2.2 Measurements
• Part II Adsorption of Cu （II） by Kaolinite
• §5.3 Introduction
• §5.4Results and Discussion
• 5.4.1 FI-IR and DRIFT of Kaolinite
• 5.4.2 Adsorption Edges
• 5.4.3 Interpretation of Adsorption Behavior
• §5.5Conclusions
• Reference
• Part III Adsorption of Humic Acid by Kaolinite
• §5.6Introduction
• §5.7 Methods and Models
• §5.8 Results and Discussion
• 5.8.1 Specification of Humic Acid
• 5.8.2 Quantitative Carbon Analysis of Humic Acid
• 5.8.3 The Basic Principle of Capacity Method
• 5.8.4 Standard Working Curve
• 5.8.5 Adsorption Edges
• §5.9 Conclusions
• Reference
• Acknowledgements
• List of Publications