追寻与虚无 ——《小世界》追寻母题的结构的变异

追寻与虚无 ——《小世界》追寻母题的结构的变异

论文摘要

《小世界》是英国二十世纪文学批评家和小说家戴维·洛奇的小说,其取材于学者周围的日常生活,以知识分子为主角,以学院会议生活为背景。其副标题“学者的罗曼司”暗示洛奇对圣杯传奇这一神话原型的应用。圣杯骑士们历尽艰辛寻找圣杯,而洛奇从当代文坛学者们在研讨会上戏剧化地表现文化生活的野心与情欲的张力中,发现了与圣杯传奇相类似的东西。《小世界》以圣杯传奇为叙事结构影射了当代西方学术界精神上的匮乏。通过对不同类型学者的追求再现出栩栩如生的学界众生相,穿梭于不同大陆的猎艳和寻奇彻底的粉碎了学术界神圣化的神话。本文分为六个部分,引语部分先对国内外洛奇的研究进行了一番梳理,指出洛奇研究的弱点和盲点。第二至第五章作为论文的核心部分,分别从追寻的问题,追寻主题的变异,追寻的虚无和对虚无的把握四个方面对《小世界》的追寻主题进行层层分析。第二章所探讨的追寻母题,通过《小世界》中各个主要人物的逐一探讨,分析他们各自的追寻与欲望,表露了现代社会中学者们的生存状态。第三章立足于小世界的追寻的主要结构,分析得出“寻找---找到---失去”的结构模式,并把这种结构模式的意义与传统的追寻模式的意义对比,得出这种结构模式是现代社会当中人们的一种无奈的写照。第四章中所讨论的追寻与信仰,信仰与虚无的关系,深刻的揭露了生活的现实性,追寻是因为信仰的迫使,而追寻的无果最终导致的是信仰的坍塌,也即是信仰的虚无。并提出作为社会的人应该挑战虚无,战胜绝望。第五章是对论文的拓展,在虚无的现实社会面前,一系列的巧合不管最终是作者的安排还是冥冥中自有注定,不管是不可承受之轻还是之重,人们都因该继续去追寻,因为追寻本身就是一种意义。第六章总结了本论文的研究结论;作为《小世界》的主题,追寻是一个古老的话题,但是在现代这个虚无的世界中,这主题又变得新颖,尽管最后小说采用的是开放式的结尾,但是所有的事件都只是预先安排的巧合,上帝不再是人们在茫无目标似的寄托,人们只能朝心中的目标一直向前。

论文目录

  • ABSTRACT
  • 摘要
  • Chapter One Introduction
  • 1.1 A Brief Introduction to David Lodge and His Works
  • 1.2 Literature Review
  • 1.2.1 The Status Quo of David Lodge Studies
  • 1.2.2 Hot Topics and Studies Involved
  • 1.2.2.1 Studies on Lodge's Small World
  • 1.2.2.2 Studies on Lodge's Critical Theory
  • 1.2.2.3 Studies on Other Aspects
  • 1.3 Existing Problems and Research Questions
  • Chapter Two The Motif of Pursuit
  • 2.1 The Motif of Pursuit in Literature
  • 2.2 The Interpretion of David Lodge's Views on Pursuit
  • 2.3 Pursuit Employed in Small World
  • 2.3.1 The Pursuit of Persse McGarrigle Employed in Small World
  • 2.3.2 The Pursuit of Morris Zapp Employed in Small World
  • 2.3.3 The Pursuit of Philip Swallow Employed in Small World
  • Chapter Three The Variant Construction of Pursuit in Small World
  • 3.1 The Structure of Pursuit in Small World
  • 3.2 The Differences Between the Old Structure and That in Small World
  • 3.3 The Meaning of the Variant Structure of Pursuit in Small World
  • Chapter Four Nihility in the Conflict of Pursuit
  • 4.1 Pursuit and Faith
  • 4.2 Faith and Nihility
  • 4.3 Fighting Against Nihility and Challenging Despair
  • Chapter Five The Unbearable Lightness of Being
  • 5.1 Lightness and Weightiness
  • 5.2 Lightness of Coincidence
  • 5.3 Predetermined Coincidence
  • Chapter Six Conclusion
  • Acknowledgments
  • Bibliography
  • Work Published during MA Study
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    追寻与虚无 ——《小世界》追寻母题的结构的变异
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