论风格翻译的文学文体学途径 ——以《药》的翻译为例

论风格翻译的文学文体学途径 ——以《药》的翻译为例

论文摘要

风格的翻译是文学翻译中不可或缺的一部分,其关注的核心是对原文风格美学价值的解读,以及在此基础上获得译文风格对原语风格的最佳“适应性”。由于与原文的艺术价值或“文学性”在译文中的再现关系密切,风格翻译常被视作评估文学翻译质量的重要手段。然而现阶段对风格翻译的理论研究还相对滞后,究其原因,主要体现在:其一,对风格的理解较为宽泛,存在一定的争议;其二,对风格的解读倾向于主观印象或纯粹的语言学描述,对其美学价值的探讨缺乏科学客观的理论途径。鉴于此,本研究认为有必要采取文学文体学的途径来弥补这些不足。作为连接语言学与文学批评的桥梁,文学文体学既强调语言学的描写,也重视文学批评的阐释。它客观地视风格为实际运用中的语言选择,将风格及其产生的文体效果纳为研究对象,注重探讨作者如何通过对语言的选择来表达主题意义和加强美学效果。因此,在发掘文学文本美学意义的同时,能集两学科之长,有效避免文学批评中印象主义、主观倾向的影响,最大程度地争取评论的客观性。将文学文体学应用于风格翻译,将有利于译者增强文体意识,更为注重形式本身所蕴涵的文学意义,从而更好地把握语言形式的美学功能和文体价值,避免翻译中的文体损差。为证明用文学文体学在探讨风格翻译问题上的必要性和有效性,同时为避免过于分散的讨论,本文的案例研究聚焦小说文本的翻译。我们将看到由于文学文体学的引入,小说翻译中常见的风格扭曲即“假象等值”现象得到有效的解决。本文共分五个章节。第一章对国内外的风格翻译研究进行了简要综述,说明本研究的目的、方法和篇章安排。第二章通过列举对比几种常见的风格定义,澄清了本研究中风格的研究范畴。本章从里奇、韩礼德等对风格的相关论述入手,将风格视作与主题意义关联的前景化语言运用,并进一步探讨了该概念与文学文体学的适合性。本章还尝试厘清风格翻译的基本概念和原则,具体讨论了风格再现对文学翻译的意义以及常见研究途径的不足,指出风格翻译的文学文体学途径的紧迫性和必要性。为说明文学文体学运用于风格翻译并非是想当然的选择,本文在第三章从文学文体学的性质、目的、研究对象、主要分析方法等着力于理论框架的建构,指出其运用于风格翻译的合理性和可操作性。本章还特别聚焦小说翻译中的“假象等值”问题。申丹的文体分析模式作为解决这一问题的有效途径被引入并用来指导随后的案例研究。第四章以小说《药》及其英译本为例,首先对原作进行了相关的背景分析以加深对主题意义的理解,其次在词汇、句法、语篇这三个最容易产生风格扭曲的语言层次上对原文和译文的数据进行文体分析和比对以证明在小说风格翻译中采用文学文体学分析方法的必要性和有效性。第五章则总结全文并指出一些不足和尚待改进的地方。

论文目录

  • 摘要
  • Abstract
  • 1.Introduction
  • 1.1 Literature Review on Style Translation
  • 1.1.1 Oriental Orientation
  • 1.1.2 Occidental Orientation
  • 1.2 Aims and Significance of the Study
  • 1.3 Methodology of the Study
  • 1.4 Fabric of the Thesis
  • 2.Style and Style Translation
  • 2.1 Definition of Style
  • 2.1.1 Various Concepts of Style
  • 2.1.1.1 Style as Aesthetic Impression
  • 2.1.1.2 Style as Genre
  • 2.1.2.3 Style as Figurative Language
  • 2.1.2.4 Style as Idiosyncrasy
  • 2.1.2 A Working Definition of Style
  • 2.1.2.1 Style as Theme-Relevant Foregrounded Language Uses
  • 2.1.2.2 Congruence of the Definition with Literary Stylistic Approach
  • 2.2 Aspects of Style Translation
  • 2.2.1 Conception and Principle of Style Translation
  • 2.2.2 Significance of Retaining the Original Style
  • 2.2.3 Insufficiency of General Approaches to Style Translation
  • 3.Legitimacy of Literary Stylistic Approach to Style Translation
  • 3.1.A General Account of Stylistics
  • 3.2 Exploration of Literary Stylistics as Theoretical Foundation
  • 3.2.1 A Rough Review
  • 3.2.2 Definition and Investigation Object
  • 3.2.3 Nature and Goal
  • 3.2.4 Typical Analytical Model
  • 3.2.4.1 Analytical Procedure
  • 3.2.4.2 Analytical Principles
  • 3.2.4.2.1 Principle of Comparison
  • 3.2.4.2.2 Principle of Intention
  • 3.2.4.3 Checklist for Stylistic Analysis
  • 3.3 Style Translation in the Light of Literary Stylistics
  • 3.3.1 Significance of Literary Stylistics to Style Translation in General Sense
  • 3.3.2 Implication of Literary Stylistics to Style Reproduction in Fictional Translation
  • 3.3.2.1 Status Quo of Fictional Style Translation
  • 3.3.2.2 Shen Dan's Stylistic Approach to Style Translation
  • 3.3.2.2.1 Style Distortion as Deceptive Equivalence
  • 3.3.2.2.2 Stylistic Solution to Deceptive Equivalence
  • 4.A Case Study of Style Translation in "Medicine"
  • 4.1 Background Exposition
  • 4.1.1 Lu Xun and His Writing Characteristics
  • 4.1.1.1 Lu Xun the Author
  • 4.1.1.2 Lu Xun's Writing Characteristic
  • 4.1.2 "Medicine" and Its English Versions
  • 4.1.2.1 A Brief Introduction to "Medicine"
  • 4.1.2.2 Major English Versions of "Medicine"
  • 4.2 Literary Stylistic Approach to Style Translation in "Medicine"
  • 4.2.1 Stylistic Analysis at Lexical Level
  • 4.2.1.1 Deviation in the Form of "Illogicality"
  • 4.2.1.1.1 "Illogicality" and Intensity
  • 4.2.1.1.2 "Illogicality" and Suspense
  • 4.2.1.2 Deviation in the Form of"Redundancy"
  • 4.2.2 Stylistic Analysis at Syntactic Level
  • 4.2.2.1 Syntax and Pace
  • 4.3.2.1.1 Slowing down the Pace
  • 4.2.2.1.2 Hastening the Pace
  • 4.2.2.2 Syntax and Prominence
  • 4.2.2.3 Syntax and Characterization
  • 4.2.2.4 Syntax and Emphasis
  • 4.2.3 Stylistic Analysis at Textual Level
  • 5.Conclusion
  • 5.1 Major Findings
  • 5.2 Limitations and Further Endeavors
  • Acknowledgements
  • Bibliography
  • 攻读硕士学位期间发表的论文
  • Publications While Registered with the MA Program
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    论风格翻译的文学文体学途径 ——以《药》的翻译为例
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